springboot入门系列（三）：SpringBoot教程之RabbitMQ示例

SpringBoot教程之RabbitMQ示例

SpringBoot框架已经提供了RabbitMQ的使用jar包，开发人员在使用RabbitMQ的时候只需要引用jar包简单的配置一下就可以使用RabbitMQ，这极大的简化了开发人员的开发成本，提升开发效率。

话不多说，直接上代码：

先在pom.xml文件添加依赖spring-boot-starter-amqp如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"

         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-boot-rabbitmq</artifactId>

    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <description>springboot整合RabbitMQ的示例</description>

    <parent>

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

        <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>

    </parent>

    <properties>

        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <java.version>1.8</java.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>

            <scope>test</scope>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>

        <plugins>

            <plugin>

                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>

            </plugin>

        </plugins>

    </build>

</project>

在application.properties文件中配置：

server.port=8085

spring.rabbitmq.host=host

spring.rabbitmq.port=5672

spring.rabbitmq.username=username

spring.rabbitmq.password=password

spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=virtual-host

我们以topic模式为例，springboot提供了一种用bean的方式，在代码里配置绑定队列和交换机：

package com.example.topic;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**

 * create rabbitmq queue exchange and bind by routingKey

 */

@Configuration

public class TopicRabbitMQConfig {

  	// 队列：queue.example.topic.new

    @Bean

    public Queue topicQueue() {

        return new Queue("queue.example.topic.new");

    }

  	// 交换机：exchange.topic.example.new

    @Bean

    TopicExchange topicExchange() {

        return new TopicExchange("exchange.topic.example.new");

    }

  	// 绑定关系：routing.key.example.new

    @Bean

    Binding bindingTopicExchange() {

        return BindingBuilder

                .bind(topicQueue())

                .to(topicExchange())

                .with("routing.key.example.new");

    }

}

生产者：

package com.example.topic;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component

public class TopicProducer {

    @Autowired

    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void sendMessageByTopic() {

        String content = "This is a topic type of the RabbitMQ message example";

        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(

                "exchange.topic.example.new",

                "routing.key.example.new",

                content);

    }

}

消费者：

package com.example.topic;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component

@RabbitListener(queues = "queue.example.topic.new")

public class TopicConsumer {

    @RabbitHandler

    public void consumer(String message) {

        System.out.println(message);

    }

}

写一段测试代码测试一下，RabbitMQ的生产消费：

package com.example;

import com.example.direct.DirectProducer;

import com.example.fanout.FanoutProducer;

import com.example.simple.SimpleProducer;

import com.example.topic.TopicProducer;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)

@SpringBootTest

public class RabbitMQTest {

    @Autowired

    private TopicProducer topicProducer;

    @Test

    public void topicProducerTest() {

        topicProducer.sendMessageByTopic();

    }

}

这样就能在SpringBoot中使用RabbitMQ了！

外三种模式：direct、fanout、head的代码我放在了github上，

地址为：

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