通过runtime获取对象相关信息
在这里，本人给大家提供一个runtime关于NSObject的扩展，用来显示各种NSObject中的信息，这有助于你来分析类的组成:)
先准备以下类供测试：
Model.h 与 Model.m
//
// Model.h
// Runtime
//
// Copyright (c) 2014年 Y.X. All rights reserved.
// #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> typedef enum : NSUInteger {
male,
female,
} ModelSex; @interface Model : NSObject @property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSNumber *age;
@property (nonatomic, assign) ModelSex sex; - (void)info;
+ (void)className; @end
//
// Model.m
// Runtime
//
// Copyright (c) 2014年 Y.X. All rights reserved.
// #import "Model.h" @implementation Model - (void)info
{
NSLog(@"info");
} + (void)className
{
NSLog(@"Model");
} @end
以下是NSObject关于runtime的扩展category
NSObject+Runtime.h 与 NSObject+Runtime.m
//
// NSObject+Runtime.h
// Runtime
//
// Copyright (c) 2014年 Y.X. All rights reserved.
// #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface NSObject (Runtime) /* ------------------------------------ */
// 获取当前类所有的子类
+ (NSArray *)runtimeSubClasses;
- (NSArray *)runtimeSubClasses; // 获取当前类所有的父类继承关系
+ (NSString *)runtimeParentClassHierarchy;
- (NSString *)runtimeParentClassHierarchy;
/* ------------------------------------ */ /* ------------------------------------ */
// 获取当前类类方法
+ (NSArray *)runtimeClassMethods;
- (NSArray *)runtimeClassMethods; // 获取当前类实例方法
+ (NSArray *)runtimeInstanceMethods;
- (NSArray *)runtimeInstanceMethods;
/* ------------------------------------ */ /* ------------------------------------ */
// 获取当前类实例变量大小
+ (size_t)runtimeInstanceSize;
- (size_t)runtimeInstanceSize; // 获取当前类的所有属性
+ (NSArray *)runtimeProperties;
- (NSArray *)runtimeProperties;
/* ------------------------------------ */ // 获取当前类继承的所有协议
+ (NSArray *)runtimeProtocols;
- (NSArray *)runtimeProtocols; @end
//
// NSObject+Runtime.m
// Runtime
//
// Copyright (c) 2014年 Y.X. All rights reserved.
// #import "NSObject+Runtime.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h> static void getSuper(Class class, NSMutableString *result)
{
[result appendFormat:@" -> %@", NSStringFromClass(class)];
if ([class superclass]) { getSuper([class superclass], result); }
} @interface NSString (Runtime)
+ (NSString *)decodeType:(const char *)cString;
@end @implementation NSString (Runtime) + (NSString *)decodeType:(const char *)cString {
if (!strcmp(cString, @encode(id))) return @"id";
if (!strcmp(cString, @encode(void))) return @"void";
if (!strcmp(cString, @encode(float))) return @"float";
if (!strcmp(cString, @encode(int))) return @"int";
if (!strcmp(cString, @encode(BOOL))) return @"BOOL";
if (!strcmp(cString, @encode(char *))) return @"char *";
if (!strcmp(cString, @encode(double))) return @"double";
if (!strcmp(cString, @encode(Class))) return @"class";
if (!strcmp(cString, @encode(SEL))) return @"SEL";
if (!strcmp(cString, @encode(unsigned int))) return @"unsigned int";
NSString *result = [NSString stringWithCString:cString encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
if ([[result substringToIndex:] isEqualToString:@"@"] && [result rangeOfString:@"?"].location == NSNotFound) {
result = [[result substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(, result.length - )] stringByAppendingString:@"*"];
} else
if ([[result substringToIndex:] isEqualToString:@"^"]) {
result = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ *",
[NSString decodeType:[[result substringFromIndex:] cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]]];
}
return result;
} @end @implementation NSObject (Runtime) - (NSArray *)runtimeProperties
{
return [[self class] runtimeProperties];
} + (NSArray *)runtimeProperties
{
unsigned int outCount;
objc_property_t *properties = class_copyPropertyList([self class], &outCount);
NSMutableArray *result = [NSMutableArray array];
for (int i = ; i < outCount; i++) {
[result addObject:[self formattedPropery:properties[i]]];
}
free(properties);
return result.count ? [result copy] : nil;
} - (NSString *)runtimeParentClassHierarchy
{
return [[self class] runtimeParentClassHierarchy];
} + (NSString *)runtimeParentClassHierarchy
{
NSMutableString *result = [NSMutableString string];
getSuper([self class], result);
return result;
} - (NSArray *)runtimeSubClasses
{
return [[self class] runtimeSubClasses];
} + (NSArray *)runtimeSubClasses
{
Class *buffer = NULL; int count, size;
do
{
count = objc_getClassList(NULL, );
buffer = (Class *)realloc(buffer, count * sizeof(*buffer));
size = objc_getClassList(buffer, count);
} while(size != count); NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray array];
for(int i = ; i < count; i++)
{
Class candidate = buffer[i];
Class superclass = candidate;
while(superclass)
{
if(superclass == self)
{
[array addObject: candidate];
break;
}
superclass = class_getSuperclass(superclass);
}
}
free(buffer);
return array;
} - (size_t)runtimeInstanceSize
{
return [[self class] runtimeInstanceSize];
} + (size_t)runtimeInstanceSize
{
return class_getInstanceSize(self);
} - (NSArray *)runtimeClassMethods
{
return [[self class] runtimeClassMethods];
} + (NSArray *)runtimeClassMethods
{
return [self methodsForClass:object_getClass([self class]) typeFormat:@"+"];
} - (NSArray *)runtimeInstanceMethods
{
return [[self class] runtimeInstanceMethods];
} + (NSArray *)runtimeInstanceMethods
{
return [self methodsForClass:[self class] typeFormat:@"-"];
} - (NSArray *)runtimeProtocols
{
return [[self class] runtimeProtocols];
} + (NSArray *)runtimeProtocols
{
unsigned int outCount;
Protocol * const *protocols = class_copyProtocolList([self class], &outCount); NSMutableArray *result = [NSMutableArray array];
for (int i = ; i < outCount; i++) {
unsigned int adoptedCount;
Protocol * const *adotedProtocols = protocol_copyProtocolList(protocols[i], &adoptedCount);
NSString *protocolName = [NSString stringWithCString:protocol_getName(protocols[i]) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSMutableArray *adoptedProtocolNames = [NSMutableArray array];
for (int idx = ; idx < adoptedCount; idx++) {
[adoptedProtocolNames addObject:[NSString stringWithCString:protocol_getName(adotedProtocols[idx]) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
}
NSString *protocolDescription = protocolName; if (adoptedProtocolNames.count) {
protocolDescription = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ <%@>", protocolName, [adoptedProtocolNames componentsJoinedByString:@", "]];
}
[result addObject:protocolDescription];
//free(adotedProtocols);
}
//free((__bridge void *)(*protocols));
return result.count ? [result copy] : nil;
} #pragma mark - Private + (NSArray *)methodsForClass:(Class)class typeFormat:(NSString *)type {
unsigned int outCount;
Method *methods = class_copyMethodList(class, &outCount);
NSMutableArray *result = [NSMutableArray array];
for (int i = ; i < outCount; i++) {
NSString *methodDescription = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ (%@)%@",
type,
[NSString decodeType:method_copyReturnType(methods[i])],
NSStringFromSelector(method_getName(methods[i]))]; NSInteger args = method_getNumberOfArguments(methods[i]);
NSMutableArray *selParts = [[methodDescription componentsSeparatedByString:@":"] mutableCopy];
NSInteger offset = ; //1-st arg is object (@), 2-nd is SEL (:) for (int idx = offset; idx < args; idx++) {
NSString *returnType = [NSString decodeType:method_copyArgumentType(methods[i], idx)];
selParts[idx - offset] = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@:(%@)arg%d",
selParts[idx - offset],
returnType,
idx - ];
}
[result addObject:[selParts componentsJoinedByString:@" "]];
}
free(methods);
return result.count ? [result copy] : nil;
} + (NSArray *)formattedMethodsForProtocol:(Protocol *)proto required:(BOOL)required instance:(BOOL)instance {
unsigned int methodCount;
struct objc_method_description *methods = protocol_copyMethodDescriptionList(proto, required, instance, &methodCount);
NSMutableArray *methodsDescription = [NSMutableArray array];
for (int i = ; i < methodCount; i++) {
[methodsDescription addObject:
[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ (%@)%@",
instance ? @"-" : @"+", @"void",
NSStringFromSelector(methods[i].name)]];
} free(methods);
return [methodsDescription copy];
} + (NSString *)formattedPropery:(objc_property_t)prop {
unsigned int attrCount;
objc_property_attribute_t *attrs = property_copyAttributeList(prop, &attrCount);
NSMutableDictionary *attributes = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
for (int idx = ; idx < attrCount; idx++) {
NSString *name = [NSString stringWithCString:attrs[idx].name encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSString *value = [NSString stringWithCString:attrs[idx].value encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
[attributes setObject:value forKey:name];
}
free(attrs);
NSMutableString *property = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"@property "];
NSMutableArray *attrsArray = [NSMutableArray array]; //https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/ObjCRuntimeGuide/Articles/ocrtPropertyIntrospection.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40008048-CH101-SW5
[attrsArray addObject:[attributes objectForKey:@"N"] ? @"nonatomic" : @"atomic"]; if ([attributes objectForKey:@"&"]) {
[attrsArray addObject:@"strong"];
} else if ([attributes objectForKey:@"C"]) {
[attrsArray addObject:@"copy"];
} else if ([attributes objectForKey:@"W"]) {
[attrsArray addObject:@"weak"];
} else {
[attrsArray addObject:@"assign"];
}
if ([attributes objectForKey:@"R"]) {[attrsArray addObject:@"readonly"];}
if ([attributes objectForKey:@"G"]) {
[attrsArray addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"getter=%@", [attributes objectForKey:@"G"]]];
}
if ([attributes objectForKey:@"S"]) {
[attrsArray addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"setter=%@", [attributes objectForKey:@"G"]]];
} [property appendFormat:@"(%@) %@ %@",
[attrsArray componentsJoinedByString:@", "],
[NSString decodeType:[[attributes objectForKey:@"T"] cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]],
[NSString stringWithCString:property_getName(prop) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
return [property copy];
} @end
以下是使用情形：
//
// AppDelegate.m
// Runtime
//
// Copyright (c) 2014年 Y.X. All rights reserved.
// #import "AppDelegate.h"
#import "NSObject+Runtime.h"
#import "Model.h" @implementation AppDelegate - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
NSLog(@"%@", [Model runtimeClassMethods]);
NSLog(@"%@", [Model runtimeInstanceMethods]);
NSLog(@"%@", [Model runtimeProperties]);
NSLog(@"%@", [Model runtimeParentClassHierarchy]);
NSLog(@"%@", [Model runtimeSubClasses]); return YES;
} @end
打印信息如下：
Runtime[43597:60b] (
"+ (void)className"
)
Runtime[43597:60b] (
"- (id)age",
"- (void)setAge:(id)arg0 ",
"- (unsigned int)sex",
"- (void)setSex:(unsigned int)arg0 ",
"- (void)setName:(id)arg0 ",
"- (void).cxx_destruct",
"- (id)name",
"- (void)info"
)
Runtime[43597:60b] (
"@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString* name",
"@property (nonatomic, strong) NSNumber* age",
"@property (nonatomic, assign) unsigned int sex"
)
Runtime[43597:60b] -> Model -> NSObject
Runtime[43597:60b] (
Model
)
以下是一些注意一点的地方：
每一个类均有一个类方法和实例变量方法相互对应