rabbitMQ相关概念不在本文介绍范围，rabbitMQ官网和其他博客都有大量介绍。
本文重点内容是spring和rabbit环境搭建以及使用中注意事项总结。
1.1 rabbitMQ服务器搭建
下载安装官网最新版本服务器
1.2 rabbitMQ开启服务管理
rabbitMQ start 启动
1.3 spring pom配置
<spring-rabbit.version>1.3.9.RELEASE</spring-rabbit.version>
<!-- 消息队列 rabbitmq -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
<version>${rabbitmq-client.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
<version>${spring-rabbit.version}</version>
</dependency>
1.4 spring config配置
在D:\workspace\sps\src\main\resources\spring-rabbitmq.xml
配置如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.master.ip}" port="${rabbitmq.master.port}" username="${rabbitmq.master.username}" password="${rabbitmq.master.password}" />
<rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"
exchange="order_topic_exchange" message-converter="gsonConverter" />
<rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />
<rabbit:queue name="orderQueue" durable="true" />
<rabbit:queue name="orderPayQueryQueue" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false">
<rabbit:queue-arguments>
<entry key="x-message-ttl">
<value type="java.lang.Long">600000</value>
</entry>
<entry key="x-dead-letter-exchange" value="pay_delay_exchange"/>
</rabbit:queue-arguments>
</rabbit:queue>
<rabbit:queue name="orderPayDelayQueryQueue" durable="true"/>
<rabbit:topic-exchange name="pay_delay_exchange">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding queue="orderPayDelayQueryQueue" pattern="orderPay.#"/>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:topic-exchange>
<rabbit:topic-exchange name="order_topic_exchange">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding queue="orderQueue" pattern="sps.#"/>
<rabbit:binding queue="orderPayQueryQueue" pattern="orderPay.#"/>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:topic-exchange>
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="manual" concurrency="10">
<rabbit:listener queues="orderQueue" ref="orderQueueListener"/>
</rabbit:listener-container>
<bean id="orderQueueListener" class="com.supuy.sps.services.queue.OrderQueueListener" />
<bean id="gsonConverter" class="com.supuy.core.mq.Gson2JsonMessageConverter"/>
</beans>1.5 延迟消息队列
有时候，因为各种原因，我们想实现延迟消费的目的，但是rabbitMQ并没有提供这个功能，这时候，可以通过x-message-ttl和x-dead-letter-exchange实现。
<rabbit:queue name="orderPayQueryQueue" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false">
<rabbit:queue-arguments>
<entry key="x-message-ttl">
<value type="java.lang.Long">600000</value>
</entry>
<entry key="x-dead-letter-exchange" value="pay_delay_exchange"/>
</rabbit:queue-arguments>
</rabbit:queue>
1.6 生产者
@Override
public void orderBuilder(int type,String orderCode) {
String key = "tps."+orderCode;
orderCode = type+"."+orderCode;
amqpMaster.convertAndSend(key, orderCode);
logger.info("订单加入消息队列，订单编码：{}", key);
}
1.7 消费者
package com.supuy.tps.service.queue;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.supuy.tps.common.mq.Gson2JsonMessageConverter;
import com.supuy.tps.dto.bean.WmsOrderParam;
import com.supuy.tps.service.IOrderShopService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.ChannelAwareMessageListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
/**
* Created by bill on 2016/5/31.
*/
public class OrderSendQueueListener implements ChannelAwareMessageListener {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OrderSendQueueListener.class);
@Autowired
private Gson2JsonMessageConverter messageConverter;
@Autowired
private IOrderShopService orderShopService;
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
channel.basicQos(100);
channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
String data=(String)messageConverter.fromMessage(message);
if (data!=null){
WmsOrderParam wmsOrderParam= JSON.parseObject(data,WmsOrderParam.class);
if (wmsOrderParam != null){
wmsOrderParam.setOrderCode(wmsOrderParam.getOrderCode().substring(1));
orderShopService.pushOrderLogInfo(wmsOrderParam);
}
}
}
}
附加类Gson2JsonMessageConverter实现如下，
package com.supuy.tps.common.mq;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.AbstractJsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.ClassMapper;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.DefaultClassMapper;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConversionException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
public class Gson2JsonMessageConverter extends AbstractJsonMessageConverter {
private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Gson2JsonMessageConverter.class);
private static ClassMapper classMapper = new DefaultClassMapper();
private static Gson gson = new Gson();
public Gson2JsonMessageConverter() {
super();
}
@Override
protected Message createMessage(Object object,
MessageProperties messageProperties) {
byte[] bytes = null;
try {
String jsonString = gson.toJson(object);
bytes = jsonString.getBytes(getDefaultCharset());
}
catch (IOException e) {
throw new MessageConversionException(
"Failed to convert Message content", e);
}
messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_JSON);
messageProperties.setContentEncoding(getDefaultCharset());
if (bytes != null) {
messageProperties.setContentLength(bytes.length);
}
classMapper.fromClass(object.getClass(), messageProperties);
return new Message(bytes, messageProperties);
}
@Override
public Object fromMessage(Message message)
throws MessageConversionException {
Object content = null;
MessageProperties properties = message.getMessageProperties();
if (properties != null) {
String contentType = properties.getContentType();
if (contentType != null && contentType.contains("json")) {
String encoding = properties.getContentEncoding();
if (encoding == null) {
encoding = getDefaultCharset();
}
try {
Class<?> targetClass = getClassMapper().toClass(
message.getMessageProperties());
content = convertBytesToObject(message.getBody(),
encoding, targetClass);
}
catch (IOException e) {
throw new MessageConversionException(
"Failed to convert Message content", e);
}
}
else {
log.warn("Could not convert incoming message with content-type ["
+ contentType + "]");
}
}
if (content == null) {
content = message.getBody();
}
return content;
}
private Object convertBytesToObject(byte[] body, String encoding,
Class<?> clazz) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
String contentAsString = new String(body, encoding);
return gson.fromJson(contentAsString, clazz);
}
@Override
public ClassMapper getClassMapper() {
return new DefaultClassMapper();
}
}
1.8 Q&A
1 ttl设置之后，下次修改时间，会报错，这时候，需要先删除该队列，重启项目。
2 接受消息之后，出现错误，该消息就会被持续占有，无法消费。所以，要活用消息的ack，nack，reject。