我的Android进阶之旅------>如何解决Android 5.0中出现的警告： Service Intent must be explicit:

1.错误描述

今天在Android4.4 的小米4手机上运行我的程序的时候没有报错，而在Android 5.1的华为P7上运行我的程序的时候报了以下的错误，错误提示如下：

E/AndroidRuntime(12500): FATAL EXCEPTION: main

E/AndroidRuntime(12500): Process: com.xtc.watch, PID: 12500

E/AndroidRuntime(12500): java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Service Intent must be explicit: Intent { act=com.xtc.kuwo.watch.MUSIC_PLAY_SERVICE (has extras) }

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at android.app.ContextImpl.validateServiceIntent(ContextImpl.java:1847)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at android.app.ContextImpl.startServiceCommon(ContextImpl.java:1876)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at android.app.ContextImpl.startService(ContextImpl.java:1860)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at android.content.ContextWrapper.startService(ContextWrapper.java:516)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at com.xtc.watch.kuwo.activity.WatchMusicPlay.pauseMusic(WatchMusicPlay.java:314)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at com.xtc.watch.kuwo.activity.WatchMusicPlay.access$600(WatchMusicPlay.java:32)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at com.xtc.watch.kuwo.activity.WatchMusicPlay$3.onClick(WatchMusicPlay.java:220)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:4790)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:19933)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:739)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5569)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:931)

E/AndroidRuntime(12500):        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:726)

而我启动Service的Intent代码如下所示：

        Intent intent = new Intent();

        intent.setAction(MUSIC_PLAY_SERVICE);

        intent.putExtra("MSG", Constants.PlayerMsg.PAUSE_MSG);  //暂停播放音乐

        intent.putExtra("musicURL", musicURL);  //歌曲URL

        startService(intent);

2.错误原因

而android源码是这样写的（源码位置：sdk/sources/android-21/android/app/ContextImpl.java）：

startService(Intent service)方法

startService(Intent service)方法代码如下

 @Override

    public ComponentName startService(Intent service) {

        warnIfCallingFromSystemProcess();

        return startServiceCommon(service, mUser);

    }

startServiceCommon(Intent service, UserHandle user)方法

上面的startService(Intent service)方法调用的是startServiceCommon(Intent service, UserHandle user)，代码如下所示：

 private ComponentName startServiceCommon(Intent service, UserHandle user) {

        try {

            validateServiceIntent(service);

            service.prepareToLeaveProcess();

            ComponentName cn = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().startService(

                mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), service,

                service.resolveTypeIfNeeded(getContentResolver()), user.getIdentifier());

            if (cn != null) {

                if (cn.getPackageName().equals("!")) {

                    throw new SecurityException(

                            "Not allowed to start service " + service

                            + " without permission " + cn.getClassName());

                } else if (cn.getPackageName().equals("!!")) {

                    throw new SecurityException(

                            "Unable to start service " + service

                            + ": " + cn.getClassName());

                }

            }

            return cn;

        } catch (RemoteException e) {

            return null;

        }

    }

validateServiceIntent(Intent service)方法

上面的startServiceCommon(Intent service, UserHandle user)方法中调用的validateServiceIntent(Intent service)方法代码如下所示：

 private void validateServiceIntent(Intent service) {

        if (service.getComponent() == null && service.getPackage() == null) {

            if (getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {

                IllegalArgumentException ex = new IllegalArgumentException(

                        "Service Intent must be explicit: " + service);

                throw ex;

            } else {

                Log.w(TAG, "Implicit intents with startService are not safe: " + service

                        + " " + Debug.getCallers(2, 3));

            }

        }

    }

可以看得出来，就是在validateServiceIntent(Intent service)方法中判断如果大于Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP版本的话，并且启动Service的Intent如果没有设置Component和Package的话就会跑出异常java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Service Intent must be explicit:

3.解决方法

设置要启动Service的Intent的Action和packageName

        Intent intent = new Intent();

        intent.setAction(MUSIC_PLAY_SERVICE);

        intent.putExtra("MSG", Constants.PlayerMsg.PAUSE_MSG);  //暂停播放音乐

        intent.putExtra("musicURL", musicURL);  //歌曲URL

        startService(intent);

改为：

        Intent intent = new Intent();

        intent.setAction(MUSIC_PLAY_SERVICE);

        //不加这句话的话 android 5.0以上会报：Service Intent must be explitict

        intent.setPackage(getPackageName());

        intent.putExtra("MSG", Constants.PlayerMsg.PAUSE_MSG);  //暂停播放音乐

        intent.putExtra("musicURL", musicURL);  //歌曲URL

        startService(intent);

以上代码就是加了一行

        //不加这句话的话 android 5.0以上会报：Service Intent must be explitict

        intent.setPackage(getPackageName());

此方式是google官方推荐使用的解决方法。

在此附上地址供大家参考：http://developer.android.com/goo … tml#billing-service,有兴趣的可以去看看。

下面是http://developer.android.com/goo … tml#billing-service网站的截图，如下所示：