python中的常用方法

1.os模块的常用方法：

>>> import os

>>>

>>> myFiles = ['accounts.txt', 'details.csv', 'invite.docx']  # 组合目录路径

>>> for filename in myFiles:

    print(os.path.join('C:\\Users\\sxhui101', filename))

C:\Users\sxhui101\accounts.txt

C:\Users\sxhui101\details.csv

C:\Users\sxhui101\invite.docx

>>> os.getcwd()  # 获取当前工作目录

'C:\\Python\\Python35'

>>> os.chdir('D:\\mzitu')  # 更改当前工作目录

>>> os.getcwd()

'D:\\mzitu'

>>> os.makedirs('D:\\mzitu\\beauty')  # 创建目录

2.enumerate用法：

for i, j in enumerate[a, b, c]:

    print(i, j, sep=" ")

# 0 a

# 1 b

# 2 c

3.for循环与while循环

for i in range(10):  # for循环
　　if i  == 5:  # 可以将5变成11试试，可以发现如果是5，不会打印done；如果是11则会打印done

        break  # 跳出整个循环，只会打印前5个数字；换成continue，跳出本循环，进行下一个循环，就不会打印5了  
　　print(i)　　 

else: 
　　print("done")

count = 0

while count < 10:  # while循环

    print(count)

    count += 1

else:

    print("you have counted for ten times!")

4.格式化输出

name = "Shuai xianghui"

age = 1

address = "Hang Zhou"

info1 = '''

---------- info of %s --------------

Name: %s

Age: %d

Address: %s

''' % (name, name, age, address)

info2 = '''

---------- info of {_name} --------------

Name: {_name}

Age: {_age}

Address: {_address}

'''.format(_name=name, _age=age, _address=address)