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[每日一题] OCP1z0-047 :2013-08-28 DELETE..........................................................160-LMLPHP

[每日一题] OCP1z0-047 :2013-08-28 DELETE..........................................................160-LMLPHP

[每日一题] OCP1z0-047 :2013-08-28 DELETE..........................................................160-LMLPHP

正确答案:ACD

根据题库,操作如下:

A答案能删除:

oe@OCM> delete from order_items
2 WHERE order_id IN (SELECT order_id FROM orders
3 WHERE order_status IN(0,1)); 110 rows deleted. oe@OCM> rollback; Rollback complete.

B答案不能删除:没有这样的语法(DELETE * FROM,即DELETE后直接跟表名,而不能用*)

oe@OCM> DELETE *
2 FROM order_items
3 WHERE order_id IN(SELECT order_id
4 FROM orders
5 WHERE orders
6 WHERE order_status IN(0,1));
DELETE *
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00903: invalid table name

C答案能删除:

oe@OCM> delete from order_items i
2 WHERE order_id=(SELECT order_id FROM orders o
3 WHERE i.order_id=o.order_id AND
4 order_status IN(0,1)); 110 rows deleted. oe@OCM> rollback; Rollback complete.

D答案也能删除:

oe@OCM> delete from(select * from order_items i,orders o
2 WHERE i.order_id=o.order_id AND order_status in(0,1)); 110 rows deleted.

分析D能删除的原因:

1、ORDERS表有主键ORDER_ID:CONSTRAINT "ORDER_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("ORDER_ID")。

看下面红色字体:

oe@OCM> select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE','ORDERS') from dual;

DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE','ORDERS')
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CREATE TABLE "OE"."ORDERS"
( "ORDER_ID" NUMBER(12,0),
"ORDER_DATE" TIMESTAMP (6) WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE CONSTRAINT "ORDER_DATE_NN" NOT NULL ENABLE,
"ORDER_MODE" VARCHAR2(8),
"CUSTOMER_ID" NUMBER(6,0) CONSTRAINT "ORDER_CUSTOMER_ID_NN" NOT NULL ENABLE,
"ORDER_STATUS" NUMBER(2,0),
"ORDER_TOTAL" NUMBER(8,2),
"SALES_REP_ID" NUMBER(6,0),
"PROMOTION_ID" NUMBER(6,0),
CONSTRAINT "ORDER_MODE_LOV" CHECK (order_mode in ('direct','online')) ENABLE,
CONSTRAINT "ORDER_TOTAL_MIN" CHECK (order_total >= 0) ENABLE,
CONSTRAINT "ORDER_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("ORDER_ID")
USING INDEX PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS NOLOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "EXAMPLE" ENABLE,
CONSTRAINT "ORDERS_SALES_REP_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("SALES_REP_ID")
REFERENCES "HR"."EMPLOYEES" ("EMPLOYEE_ID") ON DELETE SET NULL ENABLE,
CONSTRAINT "ORDERS_CUSTOMER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("CUSTOMER_ID")
REFERENCES "OE"."CUSTOMERS" ("CUSTOMER_ID") ON DELETE SET NULL ENABLE
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
NOCOMPRESS NOLOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "EXAMPLE"

2、ORDER_TIEMS表有外键ORDER_ID:CONSTRAINT "ORDER_ITEMS_ORDER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("ORDER_ID")

          REFERENCES "OE"."ORDERS" ("ORDER_ID") ON DELETE CASCADE ENABLE NOVALIDATE,并加上了主外键可以级联删除。

看下面红色字体:

oe@OCM> select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE','ORDER_ITEMS') from dual;

DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE','ORDER_ITEMS')
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CREATE TABLE "OE"."ORDER_ITEMS"
( "ORDER_ID" NUMBER(12,0),
"LINE_ITEM_ID" NUMBER(3,0) NOT NULL ENABLE,
"PRODUCT_ID" NUMBER(6,0) NOT NULL ENABLE,
"UNIT_PRICE" NUMBER(8,2),
"QUANTITY" NUMBER(8,0),
CONSTRAINT "ORDER_ITEMS_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("ORDER_ID", "LINE_ITEM_ID")
USING INDEX PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS NOLOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "EXAMPLE" ENABLE,
CONSTRAINT "ORDER_ITEMS_ORDER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("ORDER_ID")
REFERENCES "OE"."ORDERS" ("ORDER_ID") ON DELETE CASCADE ENABLE NOVALIDATE,
CONSTRAINT "ORDER_ITEMS_PRODUCT_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("PRODUCT_ID")
REFERENCES "OE"."PRODUCT_INFORMATION" ("PRODUCT_ID") ENABLE
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
NOCOMPRESS NOLOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "EXAMPLE"
  

删除了子表上的记录:

oe@OCM> select count(*) from orders;    --主表

  COUNT(*)
----------
105 oe@OCM> select count(*) from order_items;  --子表 COUNT(*)
----------
665 oe@OCM> delete from(select * from order_items i,orders o
2 WHERE i.order_id=o.order_id AND order_status in(0,1)); 110 rows deleted. oe@OCM> select count(*) from orders;   --记录没变 COUNT(*)
----------
105 oe@OCM> select count(*) from order_items;  --记录少了110条 COUNT(*)
----------
555

有些人D答案百思不得期解,模拟这个操作时一直报错(ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01752: cannot delete from view without exactly one key-preserved table)原因就在于自己去建了两个表order和order_items时没有在这两个表上建约束主外键,并且加上主外键可以级联删除(CONSTRAINT "ORDER_ITEMS_ORDER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("ORDER_ID") REFERENCES "OE"."ORDERS" ("ORDER_ID") ON DELETE CASCADE ENABLE NOVALIDATE)。

这个我就不再测试了,太简单了。

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05-02 04:17