由于环境变量 PGHOST配置不当引起的

postgres@pgdb-> psql
psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
Is the server running locally and accepting
connections on Unix domain socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.1921"?

若环境变量PGHOST未配置,且psql不加-h命令的时候,则默认使用的是数据库参数unix_socket_directories 的默认值(一般是/tmp)
作为unix-domain-socket路径。

即:psql 相当于 psql -h /tmp

情况1

若环境变量PGHOST未配置,并修改了unix_socket_directories参数,则直接使用psql命令连接会报错:

注:postgres server 是运行状态

postgres@pgdb-> psql
psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
Is the server running locally and accepting
connections on Unix domain socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.1921"

解决方法:

    1.psql命令必须加 -h 选项 并指定 unix-domain-socket的路径(即unix_socket_directories参数所设置的值)

    2.或者环境变量里添加PGHOST,其值为unix_socket_directories 路径

过程演示

1.无意修改了unix_socket_directories的默认值,并将其改成了任意目录(这里假设将该参数值设置成/home/postgres/pgdata)

2.则下次使用直接使用psql连接时,便会报错:

postgres@pgdb-> psql
psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
Is the server running locally and accepting
connections on Unix domain socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.1921"? 3.这时,解决方法如下: postgres@pgdb-> psql -h /home/postgres/pgdata
psql (9.5.7)
Type "help" for help. postgres=# 或者在环境变量里添加: export PGHOST=/home/postgres/pgdata 然后应用环境变量,再使用psql直连:
postgres@pgdb-> psql
psql (9.5.7)
Type "help" for help. postgres=#
05-11 11:16