configparser模块——配置文档

configparser模块用于生成和修改常见配置文档。

预制配置文件：conf.ini

[DEFAULT]

ServerAliveInterval = 45

Compression = yes

CompressionLevel = 9

ForwardX11 = yes

[bitbucket.org]

User = hg

MaxUsers = 100

[topsercret.server.com]

Port = 50022

ForwardX11 = no

解析配置文件

>>> import configparser

>>> conf = configparser.ConfigParser()  # 准备处理文件

>>> conf.read('conf_ini')

['conf_ini']

>>> print(conf.sections())

['bitbucket.org', 'topsercret.server.com']

>>> print(conf.default_section)

DEFAULT

>>> 'bitbucket.org' in conf

True

>>> conf['bitbucket.org']['User']

'hg'

>>> print(list(conf['bitbucket.org'].keys()))

['user', 'maxusers', 'serveraliveinterval', 'compression', 'compressionlevel', 'forwardx11']

>>> for k in conf['topsercret.server.com']:

...     print(k)

...

port

forwardx11

serveraliveinterval

compression

compressionlevel

　　可以发现，每个节点都会默认包含default值。

增删改查

首先准备conf_test.ini文件

[group1]

k1 = v1

k2:v2

[group2]

k1=v1

对conf_test_ini文件进行读和添加操作：

>>> import shutil

>>> shutil.copyfile('conf_ini', 'conf_test.ini')

'conf_test.ini'

# vim conf_test.ini  修改配置文件信息

>>> import ConfigParser

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'ConfigParser'

>>> import configparser

>>> conf = configparser.ConfigParser()

>>> conf.read('conf_test.ini')

['conf_test.ini']

print(dir(conf))

['BOOLEAN_STATES', 'NONSPACECRE', 'OPTCRE', 'OPTCRE_NV', 'SECTCRE', '_DEFAULT_INTERPOLATION',...'set', 'setdefault', 'update', 'values', 'write']

>>> print(conf.options('group1'))

['k1', 'k2']

>>> print(conf['group1']['k2'])

v2

>>> conf.add_section('group3')

>>> conf['group3']['name'] = 'hqs'

>>> conf['group3']['age'] = ''   # 不能使用数字

>>> conf.write(open('conf_test.ini', 'w'))  # 写入新文件

[group1]

k1 = v1

k2 = v2

[group2]

k1 = v1

[group3]

name = hqs

age = 22

对conf_test_ini文件进行删操作

>>> import configparser

>>> conf = configparser.ConfigParser()

>>> conf.read('conf_test.ini')

['conf_test.ini']

>>> conf.remove_option('group1', 'k2')   # 删除某一项

True

>>> conf.write(open('conf_test.ini', 'w'))

[group1]

k1 = v1

[group2]

k1 = v1

[group3]

name = hqs

age = 22

>>> import configparser

>>> conf = configparser.ConfigParser()

>>> conf.read('conf_test.ini')

['conf_test.ini']

>>> conf.remove_section('group3')    # 删除某一整个章节

True

>>> conf.write(open('conf_test.ini', 'w'))

>>> ^D

MacBook-Pro:Desktop hqs$ cat conf_test.ini

[group1]

k1 = v1

[group2]

k1 = v1