RxPY
RxPY 是 ReactiveX 的 Python语言实现。
# 安装 RxPY
$ pip3 install rx
Successfully installed rx-1.6.1
Basics
from rx import Observable
source = Observable.of("Alpha", "Beta", "Gamma", "Delta", "Epsilon")
source.subscribe(on_next=lambda value: print("Received {0}".format(value)),
on_completed=lambda: print("Done!"),
on_error=lambda error: print("Error Occurred: {0}".format(error))
)
'''
Received Alpha
Received Beta
Received Gamma
Received Delta
Received Epsilon
Done!
'''
Operators
from rx import Observable
Observable.of("Alpha", "Beta", "Gamma", "Delta", "Epsilon") \
.map(lambda s: len(s)) \
.filter(lambda i: i >= 5) \
.subscribe(lambda value: print("Received {0}".format(value)))
'''
Received 5
Received 5
Received 5
Received 7
'''
Events
from rx import Observable
Observable.interval(1000) \
.map(lambda i: "{0} Mississippi".format(i)) \
.subscribe(lambda s: print(s))
input("Press any key to quit\n")
'''
Press any key to quit
0 Mississippi
1 Mississippi
2 Mississippi
3 Mississippi
4 Mississippi
...
'''
Multicasting
from rx import Observable
from random import randint
three_emissions = Observable.range(1, 3)
three_random_ints = three_emissions.map(lambda i: randint(1, 100000))
three_random_ints.subscribe(lambda i: print("Subscriber 1 Received: {0}".format(i)))
three_random_ints.subscribe(lambda i: print("Subscriber 2 Received: {0}".format(i)))
'''
Subscriber 1 Received: 76795
Subscriber 1 Received: 19486
Subscriber 1 Received: 96809
Subscriber 2 Received: 79148
Subscriber 2 Received: 33423
Subscriber 2 Received: 3319
'''
from rx import Observable
from random import randint
three_emissions = Observable.range(1, 3)
three_random_ints = three_emissions.map(lambda i: randint(1, 100000)).publish()
three_random_ints.subscribe(lambda i: print("Subscriber 1 Received: {0}".format(i)))
three_random_ints.subscribe(lambda i: print("Subscriber 2 Received: {0}".format(i)))
three_random_ints.connect()
'''
Subscriber 1 Received: 83159
Subscriber 2 Received: 83159
Subscriber 1 Received: 82025
Subscriber 2 Received: 82025
Subscriber 1 Received: 72397
Subscriber 2 Received: 72397
'''
from rx import Observable
from random import randint
three_emissions = Observable.range(1, 3)
three_random_ints = three_emissions.map(lambda i: randint(1, 100000)).publish().auto_connect(2)
three_random_ints.subscribe(lambda i: print("Subscriber 1 Received: {0}".format(i)))
three_random_ints.subscribe(lambda i: print("Subscriber 2 Received: {0}".format(i))) # second subscriber triggers firing
'''
Subscriber 1 Received: 72527
Subscriber 2 Received: 72527
Subscriber 1 Received: 53066
Subscriber 2 Received: 53066
Subscriber 1 Received: 32249
Subscriber 2 Received: 32249
'''
Combining
from rx import Observable
letters = Observable.of("Alpha", "Beta", "Gamma", "Delta", "Epsilon")
intervals = Observable.interval(1000)
Observable.zip(letters, intervals, lambda s, i: (s, i)) \
.subscribe(lambda t: print(t))
input("Press any key to quit\n")
'''
Press any key to quit
('Alpha', 0)
('Beta', 1)
('Gamma', 2)
('Delta', 3)
('Epsilon', 4)
'''
Concurrency
import multiprocessing
import random
import time
from threading import current_thread
from rx import Observable
from rx.concurrency import ThreadPoolScheduler
def intense_calculation(value):
# sleep for a random short duration between 0.5 to 2.0 seconds to simulate a long-running calculation
time.sleep(random.randint(5, 20) * .1)
return value
# calculate number of CPU's, then create a ThreadPoolScheduler with that number of threads
optimal_thread_count = multiprocessing.cpu_count()
pool_scheduler = ThreadPoolScheduler(optimal_thread_count)
# Create Process 1
Observable.of("Alpha", "Beta", "Gamma", "Delta", "Epsilon") \
.map(lambda s: intense_calculation(s)) \
.subscribe_on(pool_scheduler) \
.subscribe(on_next=lambda s: print("PROCESS 1: {0} {1}".format(current_thread().name, s)),
on_error=lambda e: print(e),
on_completed=lambda: print("PROCESS 1 done!"))
# Create Process 2
Observable.range(1, 10) \
.map(lambda s: intense_calculation(s)) \
.subscribe_on(pool_scheduler) \
.subscribe(on_next=lambda i: print("PROCESS 2: {0} {1}".format(current_thread().name, i)),
on_error=lambda e: print(e), on_completed=lambda: print("PROCESS 2 done!"))
# Create Process 3, which is infinite
Observable.interval(1000) \
.map(lambda i: i * 100) \
.observe_on(pool_scheduler) \
.map(lambda s: intense_calculation(s)) \
.subscribe(on_next=lambda i: print("PROCESS 3: {0} {1}".format(current_thread().name, i)),
on_error=lambda e: print(e))
input("Press any key to exit\n")
'''
Press any key to exit
PROCESS 1: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_0 Alpha
PROCESS 1: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_0 Beta
PROCESS 2: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_1 1
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 0
PROCESS 2: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_1 2
PROCESS 1: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_0 Gamma
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 100
PROCESS 2: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_1 3
PROCESS 1: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_0 Delta
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_4 200
PROCESS 1: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_0 Epsilon
PROCESS 1 done!
PROCESS 2: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_1 4
PROCESS 2: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_1 5
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_5 300
PROCESS 2: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_1 6
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 400
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 500
PROCESS 2: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_1 7
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 600
PROCESS 2: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_1 8
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 700
PROCESS 2: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_1 9
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 800
PROCESS 2: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_1 10
PROCESS 2 done!
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 900
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 1000
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 1100
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 1200
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 1300
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 1400
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 1500
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 1600
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 1700
PROCESS 3: ThreadPoolExecutor-1_2 1800
...
'''
Alignment
from rx import Observable, Observer
xs = Observable.of(1,2,3)
ys = Observable.of(4,5,6)
zs = xs + ys # Concatenate observables
zs.to_list().subscribe(lambda value: print(value))
xs = Observable.of(1,2,3)
ys = xs * 4
ys.to_list().subscribe(lambda value: print(value))
xs = Observable.of(1,2,3)
ys = xs[1:-1]
ys.to_list().subscribe(lambda value: print(value))
xs = Observable.of(1,2,3,4,5,6)
ys = xs.to_blocking()
zs = (x*x for x in ys if x > 3)
for x in zs:
print(x)
'''
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]
[2]
16
25
36
'''