django基于restframework的CBV封装

一.models数据库映射

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Book(models.Model):

    title=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    price=models.IntegerField()

    pub_date=models.DateField()

    publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish")

    authors=models.ManyToManyField(to="Author")

    def __str__(self):

        return self.title

class Publish(models.Model):

    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    email=models.EmailField()

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name

class Author(models.Model):

    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)

    age=models.IntegerField()

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name

二.serializers序列化

from rest_framework import serializers

from app01 import models

from rest_framework import exceptions

class BookSerialize(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:

        model = models.Book

        fields = "__all__"

    publish = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_publish(self, obj):

        return {"publish_id": obj.publish.pk, "publish_name": obj.publish.name}

    def get_authors(self, obj):

        author_list = obj.authors.all()

        lis = [{"name": author.name, "age": author.age} for author in author_list]

        return lis

    def validate_title(self, value):

        if value.startswith("sb"):

            raise exceptions.ValidationError('你使用了不合适的文字')

        return value

三.url路由

from django.conf.urls import url

from django.contrib import admin

from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^books/$', views.Books.as_view()),

]

四.Views视图类

主要就是将CBV的几个get,post请求方法进行封装,以后创建其他的新的CBV,直接继承调用就可以了,可以减少代码冗余

from app01 import models

from rest_framework.response import Response

from rest_framework.views import APIView

from app01.serialize_module import BookSerialize

# 自定义一个response类,方便CBV使用

class MyResponse():

    def __init__(self):

        self.status = 100

        self.msg = None

    # 将类方法装饰成属性

    @property

    def get_dic(self):

        return self.__dict__

# 封装CBV类

# 将get请求封装在List类中

class List():

    def get_list(self, request,*args,**kwargs):

        response = MyResponse()

        try:

            handler_list = self.model.objects.all()

            handler_ser = self.serializer(instance=handler_list, many=True)

            response.handler = handler_ser.data

            response.msg = "获取成功"

        except Exception as e:

            response.msg="获取失败"

            response.error=str(e)

        return Response(response.get_dic)

# 将post请求封装在Create类中

class Create():

    def save(self, request,*args,**kwargs):

        response = MyResponse()

        try:

            handler_ser = self.serializer(data=request.data)

            if handler_ser.is_valid():

                handler_ser.save()

                response.msg = "添加成功"

            else:

                response.status = 101

                response.msg = "添加失败"

                response.error = handler_ser.errors

        except Exception as e:

            response.msg = "添加失败"

            response.error=str(e)

        return Response(response.get_dic)

# book类继承List,Create,APIView

class Books(List,Create,APIView):

    model=models.Book

    serializer=BookSerialize

    # 此时调用get方法时,只要使用List类中的get_list方法就行了

    def get(self,request):

        return self.get_list(request)

    # 此时调用post方法时,只要使用Create类中的save方法就行了

    def post(self,request):

        return self.save(request)