http://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/6144178.html
Form组件
- form表单（验证；保留上次内容）
-
- Ajax（验证；无需上次内容）
- 返回HttpResponse
- 前端：跳转或错误信息
from django.core.exceptions import NON_FIELD_ERRORS, ValidationError
class AjaxForm(forms.Form):
username = fields.CharField()
user_id = fields.IntegerField(
widget=widgets.Select(choices=[(0,'alex'),(1,'刘皓宸'),(2,'杨建'),])
)
# 自定义方法 clean_字段名
# 必须返回值self.cleaned_data['username']
# 如果出错：raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
def clean_username(self):
v = self.cleaned_data['username']
if models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=v).count():
# 整体错了
# 自己详细错误信息
raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
return v
def clean_user_id(self):
return self.cleaned_data['user_id'] def ajax(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
obj = AjaxForm()
return render(request,'ajax.html',{'obj':obj})
else:
ret = {'status':'NG','message':None}
import json
obj = AjaxForm(request.POST)
if obj.is_valid():
# 跳转到百度
# return redirect('http://www.baidu.com')
# if ....
# obj.errors['username'] = ['用户名已经存在',]
# if ....
# obj.errors['email'] = ['用户名已经存在',] ret['status'] = 'OK'
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))
else:
# print(type(obj.errors))
# print(obj.errors)
from django.forms.utils import ErrorDict
# print(obj.errors.as_ul())
# print(obj.errors.as_json())
# print(obj.errors.as_data()) ret['message'] = obj.errors
# 错误信息显示在页面上
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="fm" method="POST" action="/ajax/">
{% csrf_token %}
{{ obj.as_p }}
<input type="button" value="Ajax提交" id="btn" />
</form>
<script src="/static/jquery-3.1.1.js"></script>
<script>
$(function () {
$('#btn').click(function () {
$.ajax({
url: '/ajax/',
type: 'POST',
data: $('#fm').serialize(),
dataType: 'JSON',
success:function (arg) { // arg: 状态，错误信息
if (arg.status == 'OK'){
window.location.href = "http://www.baidu.com"
}
console.log(arg);
}
}) }) })
</script>
</body>
</html>
1. Form组件扩展：
1.简单扩展
利用Form组件自带的正则扩展：
a. 方式一
from django.forms import Form
from django.forms import widgets
from django.forms import fields
from django.core.validators import RegexValidator class MyForm(Form):
user = fields.CharField(
error_messages={'invalid': '...'},
validators=[RegexValidator(r'^[0-9]+$', '请输入数字'), RegexValidator(r'^159[0-9]+$', '数字必须以159开头')],
)
b. 方式二
from django.forms import Form
from django.forms import widgets
from django.forms import fields
from django.core.validators import RegexValidator class MyForm(Form):
user = fields.RegexField(r'^[0-9]+$',error_messages={'invalid': '...'})
2.基于源码流程
a. 单字段
from django.core.exceptions import NON_FIELD_ERRORS, ValidationError
class AjaxForm(forms.Form):
username = fields.CharField()
user_id = fields.IntegerField(
widget=widgets.Select(choices=[(0,'alex'),(1,'刘皓宸'),(2,'杨建'),])
)
# 自定义方法 clean_字段名
# 必须返回值self.cleaned_data['username']
# 如果出错：raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
def clean_username(self):
v = self.cleaned_data['username']
if models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=v).count():
# 整体错了
# 自己详细错误信息
raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
return v
def clean_user_id(self):
return self.cleaned_data['user_id'] b. 整体错误验证
class AjaxForm(forms.Form):
username = fields.CharField()
user_id = fields.IntegerField(
widget=widgets.Select(choices=[(0,'alex'),(1,'刘皓宸'),(2,'杨建'),])
)
# 自定义方法 clean_字段名
# 必须返回值self.cleaned_data['username']
# 如果出错：raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
def clean_username(self):
v = self.cleaned_data['username']
if models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=v).count():
# 整体错了
# 自己详细错误信息
raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
return v
def clean_user_id(self):
return self.cleaned_data['user_id'] def clean(self):
value_dict = self.cleaned_data
v1 = value_dict.get('username')
v2 = value_dict.get('user_id')
if v1 == 'root' and v2==1:
raise ValidationError('整体错误信息')
return self.cleaned_data PS: _post_clean 2. Django序列化
a.对象
b.字典
c.元祖
2. Django序列化
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from app01 import models
import json
def xuliehua(request): return render(request,'xuliehua.html') """
def get_data(request):
user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
return render(request,'get_data.html',{'user_list':user_list})
"""
def get_data(request):
from django.core import serializers ret = {'status':True,'data':None}
try:
# user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
# QuerySet【obj,obj,obj】
# ret['data'] = serializers.serialize("json",user_list)
# // var
# v = JSON.parse(arg.data);
# // console.log(v); # user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all().values('id','username')
# ret['data'] = list(user_list)
# console.log(arg.data); # user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all().values_list('id', 'username')
# ret['data'] = list(user_list)
# console.log(arg.data);
pass
except Exception as e:
ret['status'] = False
result = json.dumps(ret)
return HttpResponse(result)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户列表</h1>
<table id="tb"> </table>
<script src="/static/jquery-3.1.1.js"></script>
<script>
$(function () {
initData();
});
function initData() {
$.ajax({
url :'/get_data/',
type:'GET',
dataType:'JSON',
success:function (arg) {
//$('#tb').append(arg);
if(arg.status){
console.log(arg.data);
//var v = JSON.parse(arg.data);
//console.log(v);
}
}
})
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
html