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darknet-训练自己的yolov3模型

Yolo v3的使用方法

参考自@zhaonan

安装darknet

  • 下载库文件
git clone https://github.com/pjreddie/darknet

cd darknet
  • 修改Makefile
GPU=1  #0或1

CUDNN=1  #0或1

OPENCV=0  #0或1

OPENMP=0

DEBUG=0
  • 编译
make
  • 下载预训练模型
wget https://pjreddie.com/media/files/yolov3.weights
  • 用预训练模型进行简单的测试
./darknet detect cfg/yolov3.cfg yolov3.weights data/dog.jpg

训练Pascal VOC格式的数据

  • 生成Labels，因为darknet不需要xml文件，需要.txt文件（格式： ）

用voc_label.py（位于./scripts）cat voc_label.py 共修改四处

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

import pickle

import os

from os import listdir, getcwd

from os.path import join

sets=[('2007', 'train'), ('2007', 'val'), ('2007', 'test')]  #替换为自己的数据集

classes = ["head", "eye", "nose"]     #修改为自己的类别

def convert(size, box):

    dw = 1./(size[0])

    dh = 1./(size[1])

    x = (box[0] + box[1])/2.0 - 1

    y = (box[2] + box[3])/2.0 - 1

    w = box[1] - box[0]

    h = box[3] - box[2]

    x = x*dw

    w = w*dw

    y = y*dh

    h = h*dh

    return (x,y,w,h)

def convert_annotation(year, image_id):

    in_file = open('VOCdevkit/VOC%s/Annotations/%s.xml'%(year, image_id))  #将数据集放于当前目录下

    out_file = open('VOCdevkit/VOC%s/labels/%s.txt'%(year, image_id), 'w')

    tree=ET.parse(in_file)

    root = tree.getroot()

    size = root.find('size')

    w = int(size.find('width').text)

    h = int(size.find('height').text)

    for obj in root.iter('object'):

        difficult = obj.find('difficult').text

        cls = obj.find('name').text

        if cls not in classes or int(difficult)==1:

            continue

        cls_id = classes.index(cls)

        xmlbox = obj.find('bndbox')

        b = (float(xmlbox.find('xmin').text), float(xmlbox.find('xmax').text), float(xmlbox.find('ymin').text), float(xmlbox.find('ymax').text))

        bb = convert((w,h), b)

        out_file.write(str(cls_id) + " " + " ".join([str(a) for a in bb]) + '\n')

wd = getcwd()

for year, image_set in sets:

    if not os.path.exists('VOCdevkit/VOC%s/labels/'%(year)):

        os.makedirs('VOCdevkit/VOC%s/labels/'%(year))

    image_ids = open('VOCdevkit/VOC%s/ImageSets/Main/%s.txt'%(year, image_set)).read().strip().split()

    list_file = open('%s_%s.txt'%(year, image_set), 'w')

    for image_id in image_ids:

        list_file.write('%s/VOCdevkit/VOC%s/JPEGImages/%s.jpg\n'%(wd, year, image_id))

        convert_annotation(year, image_id)

    list_file.close()

os.system("cat 2007_train.txt 2007_val.txt > train.txt")     #修改为自己的数据集用作训练


wget https://pjreddie.com/media/files/voc_label.py

python voc_label.py

在VOCdevkit/VOC2007/labels/中：

这时darknet需要一个txt文件，其中包含了所有的图片

cat 2007_train.txt 2007_val.txt 2012_*.txt > train.txt

修改cfg文件中的voc.data

classes= 3    #修改为自己的类别数

train  = /home/learner/darknet/data/voc/train.txt   #修改为自己的路径 or /home/learner/darknet/scripts/2007_test.txt

valid  = /home/learner/darknet/data/voc/2007_test.txt   #修改为自己的路径 or /home/learner/darknet/scripts/2007_test.txt

names = /home/learner/darknet/data/voc.names  #修改见voc.names

backup = /home/learner/darknet/backup   #修改为自己的路径，输出的权重信息将存储其内

修改VOC.names

head  #自己需要探测的类别，一行一个

eye

nose

下载预训练卷积层权重

wget https://pjreddie.com/media/files/darknet53.conv.74

修改cfg/yolov3-voc.cfg

[net]

# Testing

 batch=64

 subdivisions=32   #每批训练的个数=batch/subvisions，根据自己GPU显存进行修改，显存不够改大一些

# Training

# batch=64

# subdivisions=16

width=416

height=416

channels=3

momentum=0.9

decay=0.0005

angle=0

saturation = 1.5

exposure = 1.5

hue=.1

learning_rate=0.001

burn_in=1000

max_batches = 50200  #训练步数

policy=steps

steps=40000,45000  #开始衰减的步数

scales=.1,.1

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

filters=32

size=3

stride=1

pad=1

activation=leaky

.....

[convolutional]

size=1

stride=1

pad=1

filters=24   #filters = 3 * ( classes + 5 )   here,filters=3*(3+5)

activation=linear

[yolo]

mask = 6,7,8

anchors = 10,13,  16,30,  33,23,  30,61,  62,45,  59,119,  116,90,  156,198,  373,326

classes=3    #修改为自己的类别数

num=9

jitter=.3

ignore_thresh = .5

truth_thresh = 1

random=1

[route]

layers = -4

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

filters=256

size=1

stride=1

pad=1

activation=leaky

[upsample]

stride=2

[route]

layers = -1, 61

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

filters=256

size=1

stride=1

pad=1

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

size=3

stride=1

pad=1

filters=512

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

filters=256

size=1

stride=1

pad=1

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

size=3

stride=1

pad=1

filters=512

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

filters=256

size=1

stride=1

pad=1

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

size=3

stride=1

pad=1

filters=512

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

size=1

stride=1

pad=1

filters=24    #filters = 3 * ( classes + 5 )   here,filters=3*(3+5)

activation=linear

[yolo]

mask = 3,4,5

anchors = 10,13,  16,30,  33,23,  30,61,  62,45,  59,119,  116,90,  156,198,  373,326

classes=3  #修改为自己的类别数

num=9

jitter=.3

ignore_thresh = .5

truth_thresh = 1

random=1

[route]

layers = -4

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

filters=128

size=1

stride=1

pad=1

activation=leaky

[upsample]

stride=2

[route]

layers = -1, 36

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

filters=128

size=1

stride=1

pad=1

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

size=3

stride=1

pad=1

filters=256

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

filters=128

size=1

stride=1

pad=1

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

size=3

stride=1

pad=1

filters=256

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

filters=128

size=1

stride=1

pad=1

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

batch_normalize=1

size=3

stride=1

pad=1

filters=256

activation=leaky

[convolutional]

size=1

stride=1

pad=1

filters=24    #filters = 3 * ( classes + 5 )   here,filters=3*(3+5)

activation=linear

[yolo]

mask = 0,1,2

anchors = 10,13,  16,30,  33,23,  30,61,  62,45,  59,119,  116,90,  156,198,  373,326

classes=3   #修改为自己的类别数

num=9

jitter=.3

ignore_thresh = .5

truth_thresh = 1

random=1

训练自己的模型

1 单GPU训练：./darknet -i <gpu_id> detector train <data_cfg> <train_cfg> <weights> 

./darknet detector train cfg/voc.data cfg/yolov3-voc.cfg darknet53.conv.74

2 多GPU训练，格式为0,1,2,3：./darknet detector train <data_cfg> <model_cfg> <weights> -gpus <gpu_list>

./darknet detector train cfg/voc.data cfg/yolov3-voc.cfg darknet53.conv.74 -gpus 0,1,2,3

测试Yolo模型

测试单张图片：

  • 测试单张图片，需要编译时有OpenCV支持：./darknet detector test <data_cfg> <test_cfg> <weights> <image_file> #本次测试无opencv支持
  • <test_cfg>文件中batch和subdivisions两项必须为1。
  • 测试时还可以用-thresh和-hier选项指定对应参数。
  • ./darknet detector test cfg/voc.data cfg/yolov3-voc.cfg backup/yolov3-voc_20000.weights Eminem.jpg

批量测试图片

  • yolov3-voc.cfg(cfg文件夹下)文件中batch和subdivisions两项必须为1。

  • 在detector.c中增加头文件：

  • 在前面添加*GetFilename(char *p)函数

    #include "darknet.h"
    
#include <sys/stat.h>  //需增加的头文件
    
#include<stdio.h>
    
#include<time.h>
    
#include<sys/types.h>  //需增加的头文件
    
static int coco_ids[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,27,28,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,67,70,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,84,85,86,87,88,89,90};

char *GetFilename(char *p)
    
{
    
    static char name[30]={""};
    
    char *q = strrchr(p,'/') + 1;
    
    strncpy(name,q,20);
    
    return name;
    
}

  • 用下面代码替换detector.c文件（example文件夹下）的void test_detector函数（注意有3处要改成自己的路径）

void test_detector(char *datacfg, char *cfgfile, char *weightfile, char *filename, float thresh, float hier_thresh, char *outfile, int fullscreen)

{

    list *options = read_data_cfg(datacfg);

    char *name_list = option_find_str(options, "names", "data/names.list");

    char **names = get_labels(name_list);

    image **alphabet = load_alphabet();

    network *net = load_network(cfgfile, weightfile, 0);

    set_batch_network(net, 1);

    srand(2222222);

    double time;

    char buff[256];

    char *input = buff;

    float nms=.45;

    int i=0;

    while(1){

        if(filename){

            strncpy(input, filename, 256);

            image im = load_image_color(input,0,0);

            image sized = letterbox_image(im, net->w, net->h);

        //image sized = resize_image(im, net->w, net->h);

        //image sized2 = resize_max(im, net->w);

        //image sized = crop_image(sized2, -((net->w - sized2.w)/2), -((net->h - sized2.h)/2), net->w, net->h);

        //resize_network(net, sized.w, sized.h);

            layer l = net->layers[net->n-1];

            float *X = sized.data;

            time=what_time_is_it_now();

            network_predict(net, X);

            printf("%s: Predicted in %f seconds.\n", input, what_time_is_it_now()-time);

            int nboxes = 0;

            detection *dets = get_network_boxes(net, im.w, im.h, thresh, hier_thresh, 0, 1, &nboxes);

            //printf("%d\n", nboxes);

            //if (nms) do_nms_obj(boxes, probs, l.w*l.h*l.n, l.classes, nms);

            if (nms) do_nms_sort(dets, nboxes, l.classes, nms);

                draw_detections(im, dets, nboxes, thresh, names, alphabet, l.classes);

                free_detections(dets, nboxes);

            if(outfile)

             {

                save_image(im, outfile);

             }

            else{

                save_image(im, "predictions");

#ifdef OPENCV

                cvNamedWindow("predictions", CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);

                if(fullscreen){

                cvSetWindowProperty("predictions", CV_WND_PROP_FULLSCREEN, CV_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN);

                }

                show_image(im, "predictions",0);

                cvWaitKey(0);

                cvDestroyAllWindows();

#endif

            }

            free_image(im);

            free_image(sized);

            if (filename) break;

         }

        else {

            printf("Enter Image Path: ");

            fflush(stdout);

            input = fgets(input, 256, stdin);

            if(!input) return;

            strtok(input, "\n");

            list *plist = get_paths(input);

            char **paths = (char **)list_to_array(plist);

             printf("Start Testing!\n");

            int m = plist->size;

            if(access("/home/learner/darknet/data/outv3tiny_dpj",0)==-1)//"/home/learner/darknet/data"修改成自己的路径

            {

              if (mkdir("/home/learner/darknet/data/outv3tiny_dpj",0777))//"/home/learner/darknet/data"修改成自己的路径

               {

                 printf("creat file bag failed!!!");

               }

            }

            for(i = 0; i < m; ++i){

             char *path = paths[i];

             image im = load_image_color(path,0,0);

             image sized = letterbox_image(im, net->w, net->h);

        //image sized = resize_image(im, net->w, net->h);

        //image sized2 = resize_max(im, net->w);

        //image sized = crop_image(sized2, -((net->w - sized2.w)/2), -((net->h - sized2.h)/2), net->w, net->h);

        //resize_network(net, sized.w, sized.h);

        layer l = net->layers[net->n-1];

        float *X = sized.data;

        time=what_time_is_it_now();

        network_predict(net, X);

        printf("Try Very Hard:");

        printf("%s: Predicted in %f seconds.\n", path, what_time_is_it_now()-time);

        int nboxes = 0;

        detection *dets = get_network_boxes(net, im.w, im.h, thresh, hier_thresh, 0, 1, &nboxes);

        //printf("%d\n", nboxes);

        //if (nms) do_nms_obj(boxes, probs, l.w*l.h*l.n, l.classes, nms);

        if (nms) do_nms_sort(dets, nboxes, l.classes, nms);

        draw_detections(im, dets, nboxes, thresh, names, alphabet, l.classes);

        free_detections(dets, nboxes);

        if(outfile){

            save_image(im, outfile);

        }

        else{

             char b[2048];

            sprintf(b,"/home/learner/darknet/data/outv3tiny_dpj/%s",GetFilename(path));//"/home/leaner/darknet/data"修改成自己的路径

            save_image(im, b);

            printf("save %s successfully!\n",GetFilename(path));

/*

#ifdef OPENCV

            //cvNamedWindow("predictions", CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);

            if(fullscreen){

                cvSetWindowProperty("predictions", CV_WND_PROP_FULLSCREEN, CV_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN);

            }

            //show_image(im, "predictions");

            //cvWaitKey(0);

            //cvDestroyAllWindows();

#endif*/

        }

        free_image(im);

        free_image(sized);

        if (filename) break;

        }

      }

    }

}
  • 重新进行编译
make clean

make
  • 开始批量测试
./darknet detector test cfg/voc.data cfg/yolov3-voc.cfg backup/yolov3-voc_20000.weights
  • 输入Image Path(所有的测试文件的路径，可以复制voc.data中valid后边的路径):
/home/learner/darknet/data/voc/2007_test.txt # 完整路径
  • 结果都保存在./data/out文件夹下

生成预测结果

生成预测结果

  • ./darknet detector valid <data_cfg> <test_cfg> <weights> <out_file>
  • yolov3-voc.cfg(cfg文件夹下)文件中batch和subdivisions两项必须为1。
  • 结果生成在<data_cfg>的results指定的目录下以<out_file>开头的若干文件中，若<data_cfg>没有指定results，那么默认为<darknet_root>/results。
  • 执行语句如下：在终端只返回用时，在./results/comp4_det_test_[类名].txt里保存测试结果
./darknet detector valid cfg/voc.data cfg/yolov3-voc.cfg backup/yolov3-voc_20000.weights

采用第三方compute_mAP

下载第三方库：

git clone https://github.com/LianjiLi/yolo-compute-map.git

进行如下修改:

  • 修改darknet/examples/detector.c中validate_detector()

    char *valid_images = option_find_str(options, "valid", "./data/2007_test.txt");//改成自己的测试文件路径

if(!outfile) outfile = "comp4_det_test_";
    
        fps = calloc(classes, sizeof(FILE *));
    
        for(j = 0; j < classes; ++j){
    
            snprintf(buff, 1024, "%s/%s.txt", prefix, names[j]);//删除outfile参数以及对应的%s
    
            fps[j] = fopen(buff, "w");

  • 重新编译

    make clean
    
make

  • 运行valid

    darknet文件夹下运行./darknet detector valid cfg/voc.data cfg/yolov3-tiny.cfg backup/yolov3-tiny_164000.weights（改为自己的模型路径）

  • 在本文件夹下运行python compute_mAP.py

  • 说明：compute_mAP.py中的test.txt文件内容只有文件名字，不带绝对路径，不带后缀

高级进阶

darknet的浅层特征可视化请参看：https://www.cnblogs.com/pprp/p/10146355.html

AlexyAB大神总结的优化经验请参看：https://www.cnblogs.com/pprp/p/10204480.html

如何使用Darknet进行分类请参看：https://www.cnblogs.com/pprp/p/10342335.html

Darknet loss可视化软件请参看：https://www.cnblogs.com/pprp/p/10248436.html

如何设计更改YOLO网络结构：https://pprp.github.io/2018/09/20/tricks.html

YOLO详细改进总结：https://pprp.github.io/2018/06/20/yolo.html

ps: 以上都是自己科研过程中总结内容，可能不够系统，欢迎留言讨论

Reference

YOLOv3目标检测总结

官方网站

思路整理自@zhaonan

转载请注明作者 , 如有问题请留言。

05-11 20:19
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