基类为抽象类,在不同的动态库中实现不同的执行行为,但是每个动态库要提供2个统一的方法:1) baseClass * create(); 2) void destroy( baseClass* );,调用该实际类的上下文,通过dlopen,dlsym( dl, "create"), dlsym( dl, "destroy")来获得实际对象的句柄。实际上是一种工厂/builder模型。

1. 基类

//base.h
#include <iostream> class baseClass { public:
virtual void test(){};
virtual ~baseClass(){};
}; //typedef baseClass* create_t();
typedef baseClass* (*create_t)();
typedef void (*destroy_t)(baseClass*);

2. 继承类

#include "base.h"
#include <iostream> class a: public baseClass {
public: void test()
{
std::cout << "in a" << std::endl;
}
}; // the class factories extern "C" baseClass* create() {
return new a;
} extern "C" void destroy(baseClass* p) {
delete p;
}

编译方法:

> g++ -g -fPIC a.cpp

> g++ -g -shared -o liba.so a.o

3. 调用类

#include "base.h"
void *load_so(const char*so_path)
{
void* dl = dlopen(so_path, RTLD_LAZY);
if (!dl) {
cerr << "Cannot load library: " << dlerror() << '\n';
}
return dl;
} int test_so(void *dl)
{
if (!dl) {
return ;
} create_t create_func = (create_t) dlsym(dl, "create");
destroy_t destroy_func = (destroy_t) dlsym(dl, "destroy");
if (!create_func || !destroy_func) {
cerr << "Cannot load symbols: " << dlerror() << '\n';
return -;
}
baseClass* base = create_func();
base->test();
destroy_func(base); dlclose(dl);
return ;
} int main()
{
void *dl = load_so("./liba.so");
test_so(dl); dl = load_so("./libb.so");
test_so(dl); dl = load_so("./libc.so");
test_so(dl);
return 0;
}
05-11 13:07