12-----BBS论坛

BBS论坛（十二）

12.1.图形验证码生成

（1）utils/captcha/init.py

import random

import string

# Image：一个画布

# ImageDraw：一个画笔

# ImageFont:画笔的字体

from PIL import Image,ImageDraw,ImageFont

# pip install pillow

# Captcha验证码

class Captcha(object):

    # 生成几位数的验证码

    number = 4

    # 验证码图片的宽度和高度

    size = (100,30)

    # 验证码字体大小

    fontsize = 25

    # 加入干扰线的条数

    line_number = 2

    # 构建一个验证码源文本

    SOURCE = list(string.ascii_letters)

    for index in range(0, 10):

        SOURCE.append(str(index))

    #用来绘制干扰线

    @classmethod

    def __gene_line(cls,draw,width,height):

        begin = (random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height))

        end = (random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height))

        draw.line([begin, end], fill = cls.__gene_random_color(),width=2)

    # 用来绘制干扰点

    @classmethod

    def __gene_points(cls,draw,point_chance,width,height):

        chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]

        for w in range(width):

            for h in range(height):

                tmp = random.randint(0, 100)

                if tmp > 100 - chance:

                    draw.point((w, h), fill=cls.__gene_random_color())

    # 生成随机的颜色

    @classmethod

    def __gene_random_color(cls,start=0,end=255):

        random.seed()

        return (random.randint(start,end),random.randint(start,end),random.randint(start,end))

    # 随机选择一个字体

    @classmethod

    def __gene_random_font(cls):

        fonts = [

            'msyh.ttf',

            'msyhbd.ttf',

            'simkai.ttf',

            'simsun.ttc',

            'webdings.ttf'

        ]

        font = random.choice(fonts)

        # print(font)

        return 'utils/captcha/'+font

    # 用来随机生成一个字符串(包括英文和数字)

    @classmethod

    def gene_text(cls, number):

        # number是生成验证码的位数

        return ''.join(random.sample(cls.SOURCE, number))

    #生成验证码

    @classmethod

    def gene_graph_captcha(cls):

        # 验证码图片的宽和高

        width,height = cls.size

        # 创建图片

        # R：Red（红色）0-255

        # G：G（绿色）0-255

        # B：B（蓝色）0-255

        # A：Alpha（透明度）

        image = Image.new('RGBA',(width,height),cls.__gene_random_color(0,100))

        # 验证码的字体

        font = ImageFont.truetype(cls.__gene_random_font(),cls.fontsize)

        # 创建画笔

        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)

        # 生成字符串

        text = cls.gene_text(cls.number)

        # 获取字体的尺寸

        font_width, font_height = font.getsize(text)

        # 填充字符串

        draw.text(((width - font_width) / 2, (height - font_height) / 2),text,font= font,fill=cls.__gene_random_color(150,255))

        # 绘制干扰线

        for x in range(0, cls.line_number):

            cls.__gene_line(draw, width, height)

        # 绘制噪点

        cls.__gene_points(draw, 10, width, height)

        # with open('captcha.png','wb') as fp:

        #     image.save(fp)

        return (text,image)

（2）在utils/captcha文件下面放几种字体

（3）front/views.py

@bp.route('/captcha/')

def graph_captcha():

    text,image = Captcha.gene_graph_captcha()

    out = BytesIO()

    image.save(out,'png')   #指定格式为png

    out.seek(0)             #把指针指到开始位置

    resp = make_response(out.read())

    resp.content_type = 'image/png'

    return resp

（4）生成验证码

运行项目，浏览器访问：http://127.0.0.1:5000/captcha/，可以看到生成的随机验证码

12.1.图形验证码生成