Oracle Minus关键字
SQL中的MINUS关键字
SQL中有一个MINUS关键字，它运用在两个SQL语句上，它先找出第一条SQL语句所产生的结果，然后看这些结果有没有在第二个SQL语句的结果 中。如果有的话，那这一笔记录就被去除，而不会在最后的结果中出现。如果第二个SQL语句所产生的结果并没有存在于第一个SQL语句所产生的结果内，那这 笔资料就被抛弃，其语法如下：
[SQL Segment 1]
MINUS
[SQL Segment 2]
--------------------------------------------
//创建表1
create table test1
(
name varchar(10),
sex varchar(10),
);
insert into test1 values('test','female');
insert into test1 values('test1','female');
insert into test1 values('test1','female');
insert into test1 values('test11','female');
insert into test1 values('test111','female');
//创建表2
create table test2
(
name varchar(10),
sex varchar(10),
);
insert into test1 values('test','female');
insert into test1 values('test2','female');
insert into test1 values('test2','female');
insert into test1 values('test22','female');
insert into test1 values('test222','female');
-------------------------------------------
select * from test1 minus select * from test2;
结果：
NAME SEX
---------- ----------
test1 female
test11 female
test111 female
-----------------------------------------------------------
select * from test2 minus select * from test1;
结果:
NAME SEX
---------- ----------
test2 female
test22 female
test222 female
结论：Minus返回的总是左边表中的数据，它返回的是差集。注意：minus有剃重作用
==========================================================
下面是我做的实验，很明显能够看出MINUS的效率，made_order共23万笔记录，charge_detail共17万笔记录
性能比较:
SELECT order_id FROM made_order
MINUS
SELECT order_id FROM charge_detail
1.14 sec
SELECT a.order_id FROM made_order a
WHERE NOT exists (
SELECT order_id
FROM charge_detail
WHERE order_id = a.order_id
)
18.19 sec
SELECT order_id FROM made_order
WHERE order_id NOT in (
SELECT order_id
FROM charge_detail
)