1）查看当前数据文件位置
SQL> select file_id,file_name,tablespace_name from dba_data_files;
FILE_ID FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/users01.dbf USERS
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/undotbs01.dbf UNDOTBS1
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/system01.dbf SYSTEM
5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/example01.dbf EXAMPLE
2）一致性关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
3）操作系统中修改数据文件的名称
[oracle@lgr ~]$ mv /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/users01a.dbf
4）启动数据库到mount状态
[oracle@lgr ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Mar 16 12:18:57 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes
Fixed Size 2254824 bytes
Variable Size 209717272 bytes
Database Buffers 301989888 bytes
Redo Buffers 7974912 bytes
Database mounted.
5）数据库中修改数据文件的名称，并打开数据库
SQL> alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/users01.dbf' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/users01a.dbf';
Database altered.
6）验证修改后的结果
SQL> select file_id,file_name,tablespace_name from dba_data_files;
FILE_ID FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/users01a.dbf USERS
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/undotbs01.dbf UNDOTBS1
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/system01.dbf SYSTEM
5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/drz/example01.dbf EXAMPLE