基于Karma和Jasmine的AngularJS测试

1：工程目录结构

y@y:karma-t01$ tree -L 3
.
├── client
│   ├── app
│   │   └── user
│   ├── bower_components
│   │   ├── angular
│   │   ├── angular-mocks
│   │   └── angular-resource
│   └── bower.json
├── karma.conf.js
└── readme

7 directories, 3 files

项目说明：使用bower进行js包管理，使用Karma及Jasmine完成基本测试．

使用bower在线安装工程所依赖的包：

y@y:client$ bower install angular
y@y:client$ bower install angular-resource
y@y:client$ bower install angular-mocks

user目录结构：

y@y:app$ tree -L 1 user/
user/
├── user.js
├── users.json
└── user.test.js

0 directories, 3 files

2：user.js

/**
 * Created by y on 15-11-24.
 */
'use strict';

var app = angular.module('Application', ['ngResource']);

app.factory('UserFactory', function($resource){
    return $resource('users.json',{},{
        query:{method:'GET',isArray:true}
    });
});

app.controller('MainCtrl', function($scope,UserFactory) {
    $scope.title = 'Hello AngularJS In Action!';
    $scope.users = UserFactory.query();
});

3：user.test.js

/**
 * Created by y on 15-11-24.
 */
'use strict';

describe('MainCtrl',function(){
    var scope,httpBackend;

    beforeEach(angular.mock.module('Application'));

    beforeEach(angular.mock.inject(function($rootScope,$controller,_$httpBackend_){

        httpBackend = _$httpBackend_;
        httpBackend.when('GET','users.json')
            .respond([
                {
                    name:'张三', age:25
                },
                {
                    name:'李四', age:24
                },
                {
                    name:'王五', age:27
                }
            ]);

        scope = $rootScope.$new();

        $controller('MainCtrl',{$scope:scope});
    }));

    //test begin
    it('should have variable title="Hello AngularJS In Action!"',function(){
        expect(scope.text).toBe('Hello AngularJS In Action!');
    });

    //test begin
    it('should fetch list of users', function(){
        httpBackend.flush();

        expect(scope.users.length).toBe(3);
        expect(scope.users[0].name).toBe('张三');
    });

});

4：users.json

[
  {
    name:'张三', age:25
  },
  {
    name:'李四', age:24
  },
  {
    name:'王五', age:27
  }
]

5:进行Karma文件配置，Karma默认使用Jasmine作为测试框架．

切换到你想要放置配置文件的目录，然后在终端中输入下面的命令来创建配置文件：

y@y:karma-t01$ karma init karma.conf.js

配置信息如下：主要进行files节点配置

// Karma configuration
// Generated on Tue Nov 24 2015 23:12:58 GMT+0800 (CST)

module.exports = function(config) {
  config.set({

    // base path that will be used to resolve all patterns (eg. files, exclude)
    basePath: '',

    // frameworks to use
    // available frameworks: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-adapter
    frameworks: ['jasmine'],

    // list of files / patterns to load in the browser
    files: [
        'client/bower_components/angular/angular.js',
        'client/bower_components/angular-mocks/angular-mocks.js',
        'client/bower_components/angular-resource/angular-resource.js',
        'client/app/**/*.js'
    ],

    // list of files to exclude
    exclude: [
    ],

    // preprocess matching files before serving them to the browser
    // available preprocessors: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-preprocessor
    preprocessors: {
    },

    // test results reporter to use
    // possible values: 'dots', 'progress'
    // available reporters: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-reporter
    reporters: ['progress'],

    // web server port
    port: 9876,

    // enable / disable colors in the output (reporters and logs)
    colors: true,

    // level of logging
    // possible values: config.LOG_DISABLE || config.LOG_ERROR || config.LOG_WARN || config.LOG_INFO || config.LOG_DEBUG
    logLevel: config.LOG_INFO,

    // enable / disable watching file and executing tests whenever any file changes
    autoWatch: true,

    // start these browsers
    // available browser launchers: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-launcher
    browsers: ['Chrome'],

    // Continuous Integration mode
    // if true, Karma captures browsers, runs the tests and exits
    singleRun: false
  });
};

6:在控制台输入命令进行测试

y@y:karma-t01$ karma start karma.conf.js
INFO [karma]: Karma v0.12.32 server started at http://localhost:9876/
INFO [launcher]: Starting browser Chrome
INFO [Chrome 39.0.2171 (Linux)]: Connected on socket CO5e5TAX7Pv9PzqGAAAA with id 34588683
Chrome 39.0.2171 (Linux): Executed 2 of 2 SUCCESS (0.06 secs / 0.048 secs)

提示执行2个测试，成功两个．

7:参考链接

http://bower.io/

http://jasmine.github.io/

http://karma-runner.github.io/0.13/index.html