一、名词解释
使用MahApps.Metro扁平化UI控件库，可以使界面呈现更加美观。本文将总结MahApps.Metro的使用方法，及如何自定义修改其主题颜色等。
详细内容可参考官网：https://mahapps.com/
二、安装
推荐使用NuGet进行安装：
选中要添加MahApps.Metro的项目，右键单击，选择Manage NuGet Packages，搜索MahApps.Metro，如下图，选中后安装。
或在Package Manager Console（Tools→NuGet Package Manager）中，输入指令：Install-Package MahApps.Metro 进行安装，如下图。
三、实现
1. 将资源引入App.xaml，注意安装的Metro版本不同对应的App.xaml中写法不同。
<Application x:Class="WpfApplication.App"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
<Application.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
<!-- MahApps.Metro resource dictionaries. Make sure that all file names are Case Sensitive! -->
<ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Controls.xaml" />
<ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Fonts.xaml" />
<!-- Accent and AppTheme setting -->
<ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Themes/Light.Blue.xaml" />
</ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
</ResourceDictionary>
</Application.Resources>
</Application>
App.xaml(v2.0.0 and newer)
<Application x:Class="WpfApplication.App"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
<Application.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
<!-- MahApps.Metro resource dictionaries. Make sure that all file names are Case Sensitive! -->
<ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Controls.xaml" />
<ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Fonts.xaml" />
<ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Colors.xaml" />
<!-- Accent and AppTheme setting -->
<ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Accents/Blue.xaml" />
<ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Accents/BaseLight.xaml" />
</ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
</ResourceDictionary>
</Application.Resources>
</Application>
App.xaml(v1.6.5 and older)
2. 修改窗体的.xaml文件：
添加引用：xmlns:controls="clr-namespace:MahApps.Metro.Controls;assembly=MahApps.Metro"
修改标签：<controls:MetroWindow ……
示例：
<controls:MetroWindow x:Class="DemoMachine.UI.Views.ShellView"
xmlns:controls="clr-namespace:MahApps.Metro.Controls;assembly=MahApps.Metro"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="MainWindow"> </controls:MetroWindow>
<control:MetroWindow
3. 修改窗体的.xaml.cs文件，继承自MetroWindow类：
using MahApps.Metro.Controls; namespace DemoMachine.UI.Views
{
public partial class ShellView : MetroWindow
{
public ShellView()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
}
}
四、修改主题样式
Metro有一些预设的主题风格和主题色可以使用，在App.xaml的<Application.Resources>中改设置：
1. 有这些可供选择的accents：
“Red”, “Green”, “Blue”, “Purple”, “Orange”, “Lime”, “Emerald”, “Teal”, “Cyan”, “Cobalt”, “Indigo”, “Violet”, “Pink”, “Magenta”, “Crimson”, “Amber”, “Yellow”, “Brown”, “Olive”, “Steel”, “Mauve”, “Taupe”, “Sienna”
2. 有这些可供选择的themes：
“BaseLight”, “BaseDark”
也可以自定义的设置主题颜色：
新建Resources文件夹，添加两个类文件SelfAccent.cs和SelfAppTheme.cs，分别写入代码：
<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:options="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation/options"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
mc:Ignorable="options"> <Color x:Key="HighlightColor">#FF000000</Color> <Color x:Key="AccentColor">#</Color>
<!--DataGrid中是选中行的底色-->
<!--%-->
<Color x:Key="AccentColor2">#</Color>
<!--DataGrid中是初始选中行的底色，固定是那一行-->
<!--%-->
<Color x:Key="AccentColor3">#</Color>
<!--DataGrid中是鼠标悬停行的底色-->
<!--%-->
<Color x:Key="AccentColor4">#</Color> <!-- re-set brushes too -->
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="HighlightBrush" Color="{StaticResource HighlightColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="AccentColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="AccentColorBrush2" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor2}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="AccentColorBrush3" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor3}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="AccentColorBrush4" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor4}" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="WindowTitleColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" /> <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="ProgressBrush" EndPoint="0.001,0.5" StartPoint="1.002,0.5" options:Freeze="True">
<GradientStop Color="{StaticResource HighlightColor}" Offset="" />
<GradientStop Color="{StaticResource AccentColor3}" Offset="" />
</LinearGradientBrush> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="CheckmarkFill" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="RightArrowFill" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" /> <Color x:Key="IdealForegroundColor">White</Color>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="IdealForegroundColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource IdealForegroundColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="IdealForegroundDisabledBrush" Color="{StaticResource IdealForegroundColor}" Opacity="0.4" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="AccentSelectedColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource IdealForegroundColor}" options:Freeze="True" /> <!-- DataGrid brushes -->
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.HighlightBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.HighlightTextBrush" Color="{StaticResource IdealForegroundColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.MouseOverHighlightBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor3}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.FocusBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.InactiveSelectionHighlightBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor2}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.InactiveSelectionHighlightTextBrush" Color="{StaticResource IdealForegroundColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
</ResourceDictionary>
SelfAccent.cs
<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:options="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation/options"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
mc:Ignorable="options"> <Color x:Key="BlackColor">#FFFFFFFF</Color>
<Color x:Key="WhiteColor">#00FFFFFF</Color> <Color x:Key="Gray1">#00FFFFFF</Color>
<Color x:Key="Gray2">#00FFFFFF</Color>
<Color x:Key="Gray7">#FF6487c8</Color> <!--关联按钮点击时的颜色-->
<Color x:Key="Gray8">#FF6487c8</Color> <!--关联按钮悬停颜色-->
<Color x:Key="Gray10">#00FFFFFF</Color> <Color x:Key="GrayNormal">#00FFFFFF</Color>
<Color x:Key="GrayHover">#00FFFFFF</Color> <Color x:Key="FlyoutColor">#00FFFFFF</Color> <!-- re-set brushes too -->
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="BlackBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="TextBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="LabelTextBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="BlackColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="TextBoxMouseOverInnerBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="TextBoxFocusBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="ButtonMouseOverBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="ButtonMouseOverInnerBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="ComboBoxMouseOverBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="ComboBoxMouseOverInnerBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ControlBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="WhiteBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="WhiteColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledWhiteBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="WindowBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.WindowBrushKey}" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayBrush1" Color="{StaticResource Gray1}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayBrush2" Color="{StaticResource Gray2}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayBrush7" Color="{StaticResource Gray7}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayBrush8" Color="{StaticResource Gray8}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayBrush10" Color="{StaticResource Gray10}" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayNormalBrush" Color="{StaticResource GrayNormal}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayHoverBrush" Color="{StaticResource GrayHover}" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="SliderValueDisabled" Color="#FF535353" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="SliderTrackDisabled" Color="#FF383838" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="SliderThumbDisabled" Color="#FF7E7E7E" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="SliderTrackHover" Color="#FF737373" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="SliderTrackNormal" Color="#FF6C6C6C" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="FlyoutBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource FlyoutColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="FlyoutForegroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="FlatButtonPressedBackgroundBrush" Color="#444444" options:Freeze="True" /> <!-- menu brushes -->
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="MenuBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="ContextMenuBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="SubMenuBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="MenuItemBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ContextMenuBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="SubMenuBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MenuItemSelectionFill" Color="#313131" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="MenuItemSelectionStroke" Color="#313131" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="TopMenuItemPressedFill" Color="#313131" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="TopMenuItemPressedStroke" Color="#E0717070" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="TopMenuItemSelectionStroke" Color="#90717070" options:Freeze="True" /> <!-- original #FF9A9A9A" -->
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledMenuItemForeground" Color="{StaticResource Gray7}" options:Freeze="True" />
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledMenuItemGlyphPanel" Color="#848589" options:Freeze="True" /> <SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.MenuTextBrushKey}" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" /> <Color x:Key="MenuShadowColor">#FFFFFFFF</Color> <!-- DataGrid brushes -->
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.DisabledHighlightBrush" Color="{StaticResource Gray7}" options:Freeze="True" />
</ResourceDictionary>
SelfAppTheme.cs
然后在App.xaml.cs中添加代码：
using MahApps.Metro;
using System;
using System.Windows; namespace DemoMachine.UI
{
/// <summary>
/// Interaction logic for App.xaml
/// </summary>
public partial class App : Application
{
protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e)
{
AddAppTheme();
AddAccent();
ThemeManager.ChangeAppStyle(Application.Current,
ThemeManager.GetAccent("SelfAccent"),
ThemeManager.GetAppTheme("SelfAppTheme")); // or appStyle.Item1 base.OnStartup(e);
} private void AddAppTheme()
{
MahApps.Metro.ThemeManager.AddAppTheme("SelfAppTheme", new Uri("pack://application:,,,/Resources/SelfAppTheme.xaml"));
}
private void AddAccent()
{
MahApps.Metro.ThemeManager.AddAccent("SelfAccent", new Uri("pack://application:,,,/Resources/SelfAccent.xaml"));
}
}
}
App.xaml.cs
完成以后，修改SelfAccent.cs和SelfAppTheme.cs文件中的颜色，就可以一定程度上的更改控件中与主题绑定了的颜色。
五、写基于Metro的样式
使用Metro类库后，控件会具有一些已写好集成好的样式，如何基于这些样式添加自己的样式修改呢，举例说明：
新建名为DataGridStyle的样式，基于Metro的DataGrid的样式AzureDataGrid，加上BasedOn="{StaticResource AzureDataGrid}"，
<!--DataGrid样式-->
<Style x:Key="DataGridStyle" TargetType="{x:Type DataGrid}" BasedOn="{StaticResource AzureDataGrid}">
<Setter Property="AutoGenerateColumns" Value="false"/>
<Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Stretch"/>
</Style>
DataGrid样式
然后在界面上的DataGrid中引用自己的DataGrid样式，标签内引入样式Style="{StaticResource DataGridStyle}"：
<DataGrid x:Name="Cell1TaskList" Style="{StaticResource DataGridStyle}">
<DataGrid.Columns>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="进料口" Binding="{Binding Path=SOURCE_LOCATION}" Width="*"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="目标库位" Binding="{Binding Path=TARGET_LOCATION}" Width="*"/>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="状态" Binding="{Binding Path=MOVE_STATUS}" Width="*"/>
</DataGrid.Columns>
</DataGrid>View中DataGrid使用样式
那么怎么知道Metro的各控件的各种样式名称呢：
1. 去官网找，一些经典的样式名称；
2. 下载Metro的源代码，有个名为Style的文件夹，包含各种样式的代码文本，可以查看各种样式的详细代码设置，如下图文件夹。
后续有新的使用经验会及时添加，欢迎大家一起补充。