简述
CentOS(Community Enterprise Operating System - 社区企业操作系统)是Linux发行版之一,它是来自于Red Hat Enterprise Linux依照开放源代码规定释出的源代码所编译而成。由于出自同样的源代码,因此有些要求高度稳定性的服务器以CentOS替代商业版的Red Hat Enterprise Linux使用。两者的不同在于CentOS并不包含封闭源代码软件。
最新版本为CentOS 7。
下载CentOS
CentOS官网:https://www.centos.org/
CentOS官方下载地址:https://www.centos.org/download/
CentOS官网上,提供了三种ISO镜像文件的下载:
- DVD ISO:标准安装版,一般下载这个就可以了(推荐)
- Everything ISO:对完整版安装盘的软件进行补充,集成所有软件。(包含CentOS7的一套完整的软件包,可以用来安装系统或者填充本地镜像)
- Minimal ISO:迷你版,小巧、安装快速、自带的软件少
直接点击【DVD ISO】、【Everything ISO】、【Minimal ISO】按钮,即可下载最新的CentOS 7 ISO镜像文件。
以【DVD ISO】为例, 点击【DVD ISO】按钮,进入CentOS 7 DVD ISO镜像文件的下载页面,该页面提供了Actual Country(实际国家)和Nearby Countries(附近国家)的一系列ISO镜像文件下载链接:
Actual Country -
- http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.nwsuaf.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.btte.net/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.cqu.edu.cn/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.sina.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirrors.cug.edu.cn/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
Nearby Countries -
- http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/Linux/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.stu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.twaren.net/Linux/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror01.idc.hinet.net/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.tc.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.yzu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://centos.cs.nctu.edu.tw/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.ksu.edu.tw/pub/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.oasis.onnetcorp.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://centos.mirror.cdnetworks.com/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://data.nicehosting.co.kr/os/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.premi.st/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.kaist.ac.kr/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.neowiz.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.daumkakao.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.navercorp.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.vodien.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.0x.sg/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://centos.usonyx.net/main/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://download.nus.edu.sg/mirror/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.vastspace.net/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.readyspace.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://www.ftp.ne.jp/Linux/packages/CentOS/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.fairway.ne.jp/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/Linux/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/linux/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.digitalhusky.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.yandex.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.satellite-service.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.awanti.com/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.h1host.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://centos-mirror.rbc.ru/pub/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.nsu.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.tversu.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.corbina.net/pub/Linux/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.logol.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
- http://mirror.vilkam.ru/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
如果这些不满足需要,可以进入上图中的其它链接,例如:进入【list of current mirrors】页面,里面包含所有的镜像列表。
选择一个链接,以阿里云为例。
里面包含CentOS 2.x - 7.x的各个版本,选择自己需要的版本,例如:6.8。
可以选择i386(32位)或x86_64(64位)。
注意:电脑、操作系统和VMware都支持64位,也不一定能安装64位的操作系统,有可能会弹出“此主机不支持64位客户机操作系统,此系统无法运行。”这样的错误提示,这需要下载工具(例如:Securable)查看CPU是否支持虚拟化技术 - Intel VT-x,如果支持,确保Intel VT-x处于可用状态)。
下载镜像文件,完成以后,就可以安装了。
这里面有很多版本,包括:LiveCD、LiveDVD、DVD1/DVD2、minimal、netinstall,我们可以打开README.txt看看:
更多CentOS相关信息见CentOS 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=14