python中random模块的使用

import random

random.random() 产生0-1间的随机小数

>>> res = random.random()

>>> print(res)

0.027542593093386247

>>> res = random.random()

>>> print(res)

0.7959514300797362

random.randint(start_num,end_num)  产生指定起终止值中的随机整数，闭合区间 [start_num,end_num],可取到起终止值

>>> res = random.randint(1,11)

>>> print(res)

9

>>> res = random.randint(1,11)

>>> print(res)

3

random.randrange(start_num,end_num) 产生指定起终止值中的随机整数，半开区间[start_num,end_num)

>>> res = random.randrange(1,10)

>>> print(res)

5

random.uniform(start_num,end_num) 产生指定起终止值中的随机小数，全开区间（start_num,end_num）

>>> res = random.uniform(1,10)

>>> print(res)

9.22286461152352

>>> res = random.uniform(1,10)

>>> print(res)

2.7524663134138456

>>> res = random.uniform(1,10)

>>> print(res)

4.339277966397103

randon.choice(iter) 在单列集合iter中随机选出一个元素

>>> k = [1,2,"","name",12]

>>> res = random.choice(k)

>>> print(res)

2

>>> res = random.choice(k)

>>> print(res)

12

random.sample(iter,n) 在单列集合中随机取出n个元素组成列表返回

>>> k = [1,2,"","name",12]

>>> res = random.sample(k,3)

>>> print(res)

[1, '', 'name']

>>> res = random.sample(k,3)

>>> print(res)

['', 12, 'name']

random.shuffle(iter) 将列表元素顺序打散，不产生新的列表

>>> print(k)

[12, 'name', '', 1, 2]

>>> res = random.shuffle(k)

>>> print(k)

['', 'name', 2, 12, 1]

>>> res = random.shuffle(k)

>>> print(k)

[12, 'name', 1, 2, '']

>>>

实例：

# 产生指定位数的验证码

import random

def random_code(count):

    code = ''

    for i in range(count):

        num = random.randint(1, 3)

        if num == 1:

            tag = str(random.randint(0, 9))

        elif num == 2:

            tag = chr(random.randint(65, 90))

        else:

            tag = chr(random.randint(97, 122))

        code += tag

    return code

print(random_code(6))