之所以学习Python,第一个是他比较简单,寒假时间充裕,而且听说功能也很不错,最重要的是,我今年的项目就要用到它。
而且刘汝佳的书上说到,一个好的Acmer要是不会一点Python那就是太可惜了。废话不说,看看第一天的学习内容!
- 如何编写Python
1、cmd下输入python就可以进入开发模式
2、Python编辑器:IDLE,aptana,我这里就用IDLE
- 常量与变量
1、常量的定义:用对象的方法,(虽然我还不知道python怎么实现对象编程)class _const(object):
class ConstError(TypeError): pass def __setattr__(self,name,value):
if self.__dict__.has_key(name):
raise self.ConstError, "Can't rebind const(%s)" % name
self.__dict__[name] = value def __delatter__(self,name):
if name in self.__dict__:
raise self.ConstError, "Can't unbind const(%s)" % name
raise NameError, name import sys
sys.modules[__name__] = _const()2、变量,赋值
- 数与字符串
数(int,long,float,bool,complex)
字符串:
1、转义字符 print 'It\'s a dog' print "hello\nhello"
2、单引号,双引号,三引号
(单引号保护双引号,双引号保护单引号,三引号保留换行格式)
3、自然字符串(r):取消转义print "hello boy\nhello boy" print r'hello boy\nhello boy'
4、字符串简单操作(重复*,索引[],切片)
#字符串重复
string="Yinjian" print string*20 _str = "YinJianPython" c = _str[0]
print c #切片运算符[a:b] 是左闭右开的 a,b-1
_str1 = _str[:2]
print _str1 _str1 = _str[:3]
print _str1 _str1 = _str[:]
print _str1- 数据类型
1、基本数据类型(数+字符串)
2、列表stu = ["Yinjian","xixi"]
print stu[1] stu[1] = "xixi"
print stu[1]3、元组(不可修改)
stu = ("Yinjian","Tom") print stu[1] stu = (1,2,3)
print stu[1]4、集合(建立关系,去重)
set1 = set("skdfjsofd")
set2 = set("dsflksdf") print set1&set2 print set1|set2 print set1-set2 new = set(set1)
print newlis = [1,2,2,3,3,"hello","hello","xixi"] sett = set(lis) print sett lislen = len(lis) print lislen settlen = len(sett)
print settlen - pickle腌制(长期使用某一对象的解决方案,1:加载到内存,2:第三方文件)
import pickle lista = ["ming yue ","ji shi ","you"] listb = pickle.dumps(lista)
print listb listc = pickle.loads(listb)
print listc #读取文件
group = ("ba jiu ","wen ","qing tian")
f1 = file('1.pk1','wb')
pickle.dump(group,f1,True)
f1.close() f2 = file('1.pk1','rb')
t = pickle.load(f2)
print t
f2.close()