目录
logging模块
日志级别
- CRITICAL 50
- ERROR 40
- WARNING 30
- INFO 20
- DEBUG 10
logging.basicConfig()函数中的具体参数含义
- filename：指定的文件名创建FiledHandler，这样日志会被存储在指定的文件中；
- filemode：文件打开方式，在指定了filename时使用这个参数，默认值为“w”还可指定为“a”；
- format：指定handler使用的日志显示格式；
- datefmt：指定日期时间格式。，格式参考strftime时间格式化（下文）
- level：设置rootlogger的日志级别
- stream：用指定的stream创建StreamHandler。可以指定输出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件，默认为sys.stderr。若同时列出了filename和stream两个参数，则stream参数会被忽略。
format参数用到的格式化信息
使用logging打印日志到标准输出
import logging
logging.debug('debug message')
logging.info('info message')
logging.warning('warning message')
使用logging.baseConfig()将日志输入到文件
import os
logging.basicConfig(
filename=os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'all.log'),
level=logging.DEBUG,
format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s : %(levelname)s %(message)s', # 定义输出log的格式
filemode='a',
datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %A %H:%M:%S',
)
logging.debug('this is a message')自定义Logger
设置按照日志文件大小自动分割日志写入文件
import logging
from logging import handlers
class Logger(object):
level_relations = {
'debug': logging.DEBUG,
'info': logging.INFO,
'warning': logging.WARNING,
'error': logging.ERROR,
'crit': logging.CRITICAL
}
def __init__(self, filename, level='info', when='D', backCount=3,
fmt='%(asctime)s - %(pathname)s[line:%(lineno)d] - %(levelname)s: %(message)s'):
self.logger = logging.getLogger(filename)
format_str = logging.Formatter(fmt) # 设置日志格式
self.logger.setLevel(self.level_relations.get(level)) # 设置日志级别
# 向控制台输出日志
stream_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
stream_handler.setFormatter(format_str)
self.logger.addHandler(stream_handler)
# 日志按文件大小写入文件
# 1MB = 1024 * 1024 bytes
# 这里设置文件的大小为500MB
rotating_file_handler = handlers.RotatingFileHandler(
filename=filename, mode='a', maxBytes=1024 * 1024 * 500, backupCount=5, encoding='utf-8')
rotating_file_handler.setFormatter(format_str)
self.logger.addHandler(rotating_file_handler)
log = Logger('all.log', level='info')
log.logger.info('[测试log] hello, world')
按照间隔日期自动生成日志文件
import logging
from logging import handlers
class Logger(object):
level_relations = {
'debug': logging.DEBUG,
'info': logging.INFO,
'warning': logging.WARNING,
'error': logging.ERROR,
'crit': logging.CRITICAL
}
def __init__(self, filename, level='info', when='D', backCount=3,
fmt='%(asctime)s - %(pathname)s[line:%(lineno)d] - %(levelname)s: %(message)s'):
self.logger = logging.getLogger(filename)
format_str = logging.Formatter(fmt) # 设置日志格式
self.logger.setLevel(self.level_relations.get(level)) # 设置日志级别
# 往文件里写入
# 指定间隔时间自动生成文件的处理器
timed_rotating_file_handler = handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(
filename=filename, when=when, backupCount=backCount, encoding='utf-8')
# 实例化TimedRotatingFileHandler
# interval是时间间隔，backupCount是备份文件的个数，如果超过这个个数，就会自动删除，when是间隔的时间单位，单位有以下几种：
# S 秒
# M 分
# H 小时、
# D 天、
# W 每星期（interval==0时代表星期一）
# midnight 每天凌晨
timed_rotating_file_handler.setFormatter(format_str) # 设置文件里写入的格式
self.logger.addHandler(timed_rotating_file_handler)
# 往屏幕上输出
stream_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
stream_handler.setFormatter(format_str)
self.logger.addHandler(stream_handler)
log = Logger('all.log', level='info')
log.logger.info('[测试log] hello, world')logging 模块在Flask中的使用
restful api 项目目录：
.
├── apps_api
│ ├── common
│ ├── models
│ └── resources
├── logs
├── migrations
│ └── versions
├── static
├── templates
├── test
└── utils
└── app.py
└── config.py
└── exts.py
└── log.py
└── manage.py
└── run.py
└── README.md
└── requirements.txtlog.py 文件
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import logging
from flask.logging import default_handler
import os
from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
from logging import StreamHandler
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
LOG_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'logs')
LOG_PATH_ERROR = os.path.join(LOG_PATH, 'error.log')
LOG_PATH_INFO = os.path.join(LOG_PATH, 'info.log')
LOG_PATH_ALL = os.path.join(LOG_PATH, 'all.log')
# 日志文件最大 100MB
LOG_FILE_MAX_BYTES = 100 * 1024 * 1024
# 轮转数量是 10 个
LOG_FILE_BACKUP_COUNT = 10
class Logger(object):
def init_app(self, app):
# 移除默认的handler
app.logger.removeHandler(default_handler)
formatter = logging.Formatter(
'%(asctime)s [%(thread)d:%(threadName)s] [%(filename)s:%(module)s:%(funcName)s] '
'[%(levelname)s]: %(message)s'
)
# 将日志输出到文件
# 1 MB = 1024 * 1024 bytes
# 此处设置日志文件大小为500MB，超过500MB自动开始写入新的日志文件，历史文件归档
file_handler = RotatingFileHandler(
filename=LOG_PATH_ALL,
mode='a',
maxBytes=LOG_FILE_MAX_BYTES,
backupCount=LOG_FILE_BACKUP_COUNT,
encoding='utf-8'
)
file_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
file_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
stream_handler = StreamHandler()
stream_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
stream_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
for logger in (
# 这里自己还可以添加更多的日志模块，具体请参阅Flask官方文档
app.logger,
logging.getLogger('sqlalchemy'),
logging.getLogger('werkzeug')
):
logger.addHandler(file_handler)
logger.addHandler(stream_handler)在exts.py扩展文件中添加log模块
# encoding: utf-8
from log import Logger
logger = Logger()在app.py 文件中引入logger模块，这个文件是create_app的工厂模块。
# encoding: utf-8
from flask import Flask
from config import CONFIG
from exts import logger
def create_app():
app = Flask(__name__)
# 加载配置
app.config.from_object(CONFIG)
# 初始化logger
logger.init_app(app)
return app运行run.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from app import create_app
app = create_app()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run()
$ python run.py
* Serving Flask app "app" (lazy loading)
* Environment: production
WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.
Use a production WSGI server instead.
* Debug mode: on
2019-07-08 08:15:50,396 [140735687508864:MainThread] [_internal.py:_internal:_log] [INFO]: * Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
2019-07-08 08:15:50,397 [140735687508864:MainThread] [_internal.py:_internal:_log] [INFO]: * Restarting with stat
2019-07-08 08:15:50,748 [140735687508864:MainThread] [_internal.py:_internal:_log] [WARNING]: * Debugger is active!
2019-07-08 08:15:50,755 [140735687508864:MainThread] [_internal.py:_internal:_log] [INFO]: * Debugger PIN: 234-828-739