口语笔记——定语

定语主要是对名词进行修饰和限定，目的是为了帮助人们把名词说的更清楚具体。

前置定语：

前置定语的4种词性： 名、形、数、代。

• 形容词：a new car
• 名词：限制材料(diamond ring)、用途、时间(summer holiday)、类别、内容（story book)
• 代词：
  • 物主代词：my, her, his,their
  • 不定代词: some, all, any, every, each, little, many, other, the other, another
• 数词：
  • 基数词：two
  • 序数词：first

后置定语：

后置定语的5种形式：副、介短、形短、从句、非谓语动词（to do\done\doing)

• 副词：副词有很多种，但只有时间副词和地点副词可以作后置定语
  • 时间副词:
    • china yesteday was weak. 过去的中国软弱的
    • china now is strong. 今天的中国是强大的
    • china tomorrow will be stronger. 明天的中国会更强大
    • the meeting two days ago was great. 两天前的会议很棒
  • 地点副词；the boy there xxx.
    • I like the book on the desk.
    • I like the chair by the door. 我喜欢门旁边的那把椅子
• 介词短语：
  • I like the book by YZT. 我喜欢易中天写的那本书
  • the money in the drawer. 抽屉里的钱
  • people around the world. 世界各地的人民
• 形容词短语：
  • 形+介词短语：
    • the book full of interesting stories. 充满有趣故事的一本书
    • the train bound for BeiJing 开往北京的火车
    • the city famous for RJM 以肉夹馍闻名的城市
    • a boy older than me. 比我大的男孩
  • 形+不定式：
    • memories hard to forget. 难以忘记的回忆
    • the person easy to get along. 容易相处的人
    • people unable to live alone 没有能力单独居住的人
  • 形+enough:
    • the boy tall enough 足够高的男孩
    • the books interesting enough. 足够有趣的书
  • 表语形容词（只能后置不能前置）：
    • the only one alive （不能说the alive person)
    • the kid asleep 睡着的孩子
    • people alike 相像的人
• 非谓语动词
  • to do(将要）: I like the person to come to our company today. 我喜欢今天要来我们公司的人
  • doing（主动，正在发生）:the person waiting for me is my brother. 正在等我的那个人是我哥哥
  • done(被动、过去）：I like the painting drawn by you. 我喜欢你画的那副画。
• 定语从句：
  • I like the boy who you like. 我喜欢你喜欢的男孩
  • I love the phone which you gave me. 我喜欢你送我的那部手机。

11种定语形式

示例1

I know the cute boy. 形
I know the school boy. 名
I know the first boy. 数
I know every boy. 代
I know the boy there. 副
I know the boy in the room. 介词短语
I know the boy scared of dogs. 形容词短语
I know the boy who you like. 定语从语
I know the boy to come. 非谓语动词-不定式
I know the boy crying. 非谓语动词-现在分词
I know the boy fired. 非谓语动词-过去分词

示例2

It is a beautiful memory.
It is a childhood memory.
It is the first memory.
It is another memory.
It is a memory yestoday. 这是一个昨天的回忆
It is a memory in my heart. 这是一个我内心的回忆
It is a memory full of you. 这是一个全是你的回忆
It is a memory forgotten. 这是一个被遗忘的回忆
It is a memory to disappear. 这是一个将要消失的回忆
It is a memory making me sad. 这是一个让我伤心的回忆
It is a memory that you gave me. 这是一个你给我的回忆。

复合定语

一个名词可以同时加多个定语来修饰，此时多个定语就需要有一个顺序：

• 前置定语顺序：数/代——> 形——> 名，原则上越重要离要修饰的名词越近，最重要的是名词作前置定语。
• 副词放第一位，介词短语放第二位，其它三个没有明确的顺序。

复合定语举例

• You are a song in my heart.
• It is a another beautiful memory about you.
• every good or bad memory in our lives the time gives us should be cherrished.
• He bought a new HW phone that I have been wanting for so many weeks in the shoping mall built a week ago with his best friend that I have never met.
• homeless people in pool countries can’t acquire good education that they need.
• homeless people in extreme pool areas can’t acquire high quality education that they expect to take.
• often, the salesman newly recruited would go to the streets near their company to wait for people that have interests in the products that they are selling.

相关阅读

• 口语笔记-句子结构概括
• 定语从句