简要
为了避免重复编写pyqt控件，先写好此代码，方便使用。实现了以下基础功能:
- 选择图片
- 显示图片
- 保存图片
效果
选择图片：
显示图片：
保存图片：
代码
import copy
import cv2
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (
QApplication,
QMainWindow,
QFileDialog,
QMessageBox,
QWidget,
QVBoxLayout,
QHBoxLayout,
QFrame,
QToolButton,
QSpacerItem,
QLabel,
QSizePolicy,
)
from PyQt5.QtGui import (
QImage,
QPixmap,
QIcon,
QPainter,
QPen,
)
from PyQt5.QtCore import (
QSize,
QRect,
Qt,
)
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets,QtGui
class ImageLabel(QLabel):
""""
用于显示图片的 Label
"""
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super().__init__(parent)
self.x0 = 0
self.y0 = 0
self.x1 = 0
self.y1 = 0
self.flag = False # 标记是否能够绘制矩形
self.__isClear = False # 标记是否是清除矩形
self.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter) # 居中对齐
self.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.Box) # 设置边框
self.setStyleSheet("border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(218, 218, 218)")
self.setText("")
self.__w, self.__h = 0, 0
self.pixmap_width, self.pixmap_height = 0, 0 # pixmap 的宽度、高度
self.pixmap_x_start, self.pixmap_y_start = 0, 0 # pixmap 在 label 中的起点位置
self.pixmap_x_end, self.pixmap_y_end = 0, 0 # pixamp 在 label 中的终点位置
self.img_x_start, self.img_y_start = 0, 0 # 图片中选择的矩形区域的起点位置
self.img_x_end, self.img_y_end = 0, 0 # 图片中选择的矩形区域的终点位置
self.autoFillBackground()
# 鼠标点击事件
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
# self.flag = True
# 鼠标点击，相当于开始绘制矩形，将 isClear 置为 False
self.__isClear = False
self.x0 = event.x()
self.y0 = event.y()
# 计算 Pixmap 在 Label 中的位置
self.__w, self.__h = self.width(), self.height()
self.pixmap_x_start = (self.__w - self.pixmap_width) / 2
self.pixmap_y_start = (self.__h - self.pixmap_height) / 2
self.pixmap_x_end = self.pixmap_x_start + self.pixmap_width
self.pixmap_y_end = self.pixmap_y_start + self.pixmap_height
# 鼠标释放事件
def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
# self.flag = False
self.setCursor(Qt.ArrowCursor) # 鼠标释放，矩形已经绘制完毕，恢复鼠标样式
# 鼠标移动事件
def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
if self.flag:
self.x1 = event.x()
self.y1 = event.y()
self.update()
def setPixmap(self, pixmap):
super().setPixmap(pixmap)
self.pixmap_width, self.pixmap_height = pixmap.width(), pixmap.height()
# 绘制事件
def paintEvent(self, event):
super().paintEvent(event)
# 判断是否是清除
if self.__isClear:
return # 是清除，则不需要执行下面的绘制操作。即此次 paint 事件没有绘制操作，因此界面中没有绘制的图形（从而相当于清除整个界面中已有的图形）
# 判断用户起始位置是否在图片区域，只有在图片区域才画选择的矩形图
if (self.pixmap_x_start <= self.x0 <= self.pixmap_x_end) \
and (self.pixmap_y_start <= self.y0 <= self.pixmap_y_end):
# 判断结束位置是否在图片区域内，如果超过，则直接设置成图片区域的终点
if self.x1 > self.pixmap_x_end:
self.x1 = self.pixmap_x_end
elif self.x1 < self.pixmap_x_start:
self.x1 = self.pixmap_x_start
if self.y1 > self.pixmap_y_end:
self.y1 = self.pixmap_y_end
elif self.y1 < self.pixmap_y_start:
self.y1 = self.pixmap_y_start
rect = QRect(self.x0, self.y0, self.x1 - self.x0, self.y1 - self.y0)
painter = QPainter(self)
painter.setPen(QPen(Qt.red, 2, Qt.SolidLine))
painter.drawRect(rect)
# 计算矩形区域在图片中的位置
self.img_x_start = int(self.x0 - self.pixmap_x_start)
self.img_x_end = int(self.x1 - self.pixmap_x_start)
self.img_y_start = int(self.y0 - self.pixmap_y_start)
self.img_y_end = int(self.y1 - self.pixmap_y_start)
def clearRect(self):
# 清除
self.__isClear = True
self.update()
class MyWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initialize()
def initialize(self):
"""
Initialize the user interface and set initial states.
"""
self.setup_ui()
self.set_initial_states()
def setup_ui(self):
"""
Set up the main window layout and components.
"""
self.setWindowTitle("Image Editor")
self.resize(926, 806)
self.central_widget = QWidget(self)
self.central_layout = QVBoxLayout(self.central_widget)
self.setCentralWidget(self.central_widget)
# Title bar with open, save, and undo buttons
self.title_bar = QFrame(self.central_widget)
self.title_bar.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)
self.title_bar.setFrameShadow(QFrame.Raised)
self.title_layout = QHBoxLayout(self.title_bar)
self.btn_open = QToolButton(self.title_bar)
self.btn_save = QToolButton(self.title_bar)
self.btn_undo = QToolButton(self.title_bar)
self.title_layout.addWidget(self.btn_open)
self.title_layout.addWidget(self.btn_save)
self.title_layout.addWidget(self.btn_undo)
# Control bar with confirm and cancel buttons
self.control_bar = QFrame(self.title_bar)
self.control_layout = QHBoxLayout(self.control_bar)
self.btn_confirm = QToolButton(self.control_bar)
self.btn_cancel = QToolButton(self.control_bar)
self.control_layout.addWidget(self.btn_confirm)
self.control_layout.addWidget(self.btn_cancel)
self.title_layout.addWidget(self.control_bar)
# Add a spacer item to the title layout
self.title_layout.addItem(QSpacerItem(100, 20, QSizePolicy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Minimum))
# Image frame with an ImageLabel widget to display images
self.img_frame = QFrame(self.central_widget)
self.img_frame.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)
self.img_frame.setFrameShadow(QFrame.Raised)
self.img_layout = QHBoxLayout(self.img_frame)
self.img_display = ImageLabel(self.img_frame)
self.img_layout.addWidget(self.img_display)
self.central_layout.addWidget(self.title_bar)
self.central_layout.addWidget(self.img_frame)
# Set button text, icons, styles, and layout styles
self.set_buttons_text_icons()
self.set_buttons_styles()
self.set_layout_styles()
def set_initial_states(self):
"""
Set initial states for UI components.
"""
self.control_bar.setVisible(False)
def set_buttons_text_icons(self):
"""
Set button texts, icons, and style for open and save buttons.
"""
self.btn_open.setText("打开")
self.btn_open.setIcon(QIcon("./icon/open.png"))
self.btn_open.setIconSize(QSize(36, 36))
self.btn_open.setToolButtonStyle(Qt.ToolButtonTextBesideIcon)
self.btn_open.clicked.connect(self.open_img)
self.btn_save.setText("保存")
self.btn_save.setIcon(QIcon("./icon/save.png"))
self.btn_save.setIconSize(QSize(36, 36))
self.btn_save.setToolButtonStyle(Qt.ToolButtonTextBesideIcon)
self.btn_save.clicked.connect(self.save_img)
def set_buttons_styles(self):
"""
Set styles for all buttons and the control bar.
"""
transparent_button_style = "background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"
gray_button_style = "background: rgb(80, 80, 80); color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"
buttons = [self.btn_open, self.btn_save, self.btn_undo, self.btn_confirm, self.btn_cancel]
for btn in buttons:
btn.setStyleSheet(transparent_button_style)
self.control_bar.setStyleSheet(gray_button_style)
def set_layout_styles(self):
"""
Set styles for central layout and title bar.
"""
self.central_layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
self.central_layout.setSpacing(0)
self.title_bar.setMinimumSize(QSize(0, 55))
self.title_bar.setMaximumSize(QSize(188888, 55))
self.control_bar.setMinimumSize(QSize(0, 45))
self.control_bar.setMaximumSize(QSize(120, 45))
self.img_frame.setMinimumSize(QSize(100, 0))
font = QtGui.QFont()
font.setPointSize(8)
self.setFont(font)
self.btn_open.setFont(font)
self.btn_save.setFont(font)
self.central_widget.setStyleSheet("background: rgb(252, 255, 255);")
self.title_bar.setStyleSheet("background: rgb(60, 60, 60);")
def open_img(self):
"""
Open an image file using a file dialog and display it.
"""
img_name, img_type = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(
self, "打开图片", "", "*.jpg;*.png;*.jpeg"
)
if img_name == "" or img_name is None:
self.show_warning_message_box("未选择图片")
return
img = cv2.imread(img_name)
self.show_image(img)
self.current_img = img
self.last_img = self.current_img
self.original_img = copy.deepcopy(self.current_img)
self.original_img_path = img_name
def show_image(self, img, is_grayscale=False):
"""
Display an image in the ImageLabel widget.
Args:
img (numpy.ndarray): The image to display (in BGR or grayscale format).
is_grayscale (bool, optional): Whether the image is grayscale. Defaults to False.
"""
if len(img.shape) == 3: # Color image
img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB) # Convert BGR to RGB
height, width, channels = img.shape
bytes_per_line = channels * width
if len(img.shape) == 2: # Grayscale image
format = QImage.Format_Grayscale8
bytes_per_line *= 1 # Treat grayscale image as having one channel
else: # RGB image
format = QImage.Format_RGB888
qimage = QImage(img.data, width, height, bytes_per_line, format)
pixmap = QPixmap.fromImage(qimage)
if pixmap.width() > 600 or pixmap.height() > 600:
pixmap = pixmap.scaled(600, 600, Qt.KeepAspectRatio, Qt.SmoothTransformation)
self.img_display.setPixmap(pixmap)
self.img_display.repaint()
def crop_image(self, src_img, x_start, x_end, y_start, y_end):
"""
Crop an image.
Args:
src_img (numpy.ndarray): The source image to crop.
x_start (int): Starting x-coordinate of the crop region.
x_end (int): Ending x-coordinate of the crop region.
y_start (int): Starting y-coordinate of the crop region.
y_end (int): Ending y-coordinate of the crop region.
Returns:
numpy.ndarray: The cropped image.
"""
return src_img[y_start:y_end, x_start:x_end]
def show_warning_message_box(self, msg):
"""
Show a warning message box with the given message.
Args:
msg (str): The message to display.
"""
QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", msg, QMessageBox.Ok)
def show_info_message_box(self, msg):
"""
Show an information message box with the given message.
Args:
msg (str): The message to display.
"""
QMessageBox.information(self, "提示", msg, QMessageBox.Ok)
def save_img(self):
"""
Save the current image to a file using a file dialog.
"""
if self.current_img is None:
self.show_warning_message_box("未选择图片")
return
ext_name = self.original_img_path[self.original_img_path.rindex(".") :]
img_path, img_type = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(
self, "保存图片", self.original_img_path, f"*{ext_name}"
)
cv2.imwrite(img_path, self.current_img)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MyWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())