SpringBoot项目集成Redis+JWT实现系统登录token校验

原理

1. 用户登录系统时，后端拿到账号密码进行登录校验(查询数据库)，校验通过生成token返回给前端，并放行请求的资源
2. 后续前端每次请求后端接口时，都在请求头中带上token，后端的全局拦截器拦截到请求，去redis查询缓存的token，找到对应token则放行请求到对应接口方法，否则返回未登录提醒。

pom文件中引入依赖(gradle同样)

<!-- Redis 相关依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- JWT 相关依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
    <version>0.11.2</version>
</dependency>

配置redis

# Redis 连接配置
spring.redis.host=localhost
spring.redis.port=6379
spring.redis.password=your_redis_password

JWT Token 生成校验工具

import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;

@Component
public class JwtTokenUtil {

    private static final String SECRET_KEY = "your_secret_key";
    private static final long EXPIRATION_TIME = 86400000; // 10 days

    public String generateToken(String username) {
        return Jwts.builder()
                .setSubject(username)
                .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + EXPIRATION_TIME))
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET_KEY)
                .compact();
    }

    public String getUsernameFromToken(String token) {
        return Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(SECRET_KEY).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody().getSubject();
    }

    public boolean validateToken(String token) {
        try {
            Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(SECRET_KEY).parseClaimsJws(token);
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return false;
        }
    }
}

用户登录控制器：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
public class LoginController {

    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;

    @PostMapping("/login")
    public Map<String, String> login(@RequestBody Map<String, String> request) {
        String username = request.get("username");
        String password = request.get("password");

        // todo 这里可以加入登录逻辑，验证用户名密码
        // 校验通过 生成 Token
        // 校验不通过 给出错误提示用户名密码错误
        String token = jwtTokenUtil.generateToken(username);

        // 缓存 Token 到 Redis
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(username, token);
        // 设置过期时间
        redisTemplate.expire(username, jwtTokenUtil.EXPIRATION_TIME, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
		//token返回给前端
        Map<String, String> response = new HashMap<>();
        response.put("token", token);
        return response;
    }
}

编写全局拦截器

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class JwtTokenInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
	
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        // 排除swagger访问接口
        String path = request.getRequestURI();
        if (path.contains("swagger") || path.contains("api-docs")) {
            return true;
        }

        String token = request.getHeader("Authorization");
		
        // 校验 Token
        if (token == null || !jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(token)) {
            response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
            response.getWriter().write("Please login first.");
            return false;
        }
		//todo 查询redis缓存的token进行比对，比对上放行请求
        return true;
    }
}

注册拦截器：

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(new JwtTokenInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**");
    }
}

后记：
以上实现过程因项目不同会有所调整，这里只是提供一种能够实现的方案。