题目描述
某业务需要根据终端的IP地址获取该终端归属的城市,可以根据公开的IP地址池信息查询归属城市。
地址池格式如下:
城市名=起始IP,结束IP
起始和结束地址按照英文逗号分隔,多个地址段采用英文分号分隔。
现在要根据输入的IP列表,返回最佳匹配的城市列表。
注:最佳匹配即可包含待查询IP且长度最小的IP段,比如例子中的
3.4.4.4的最佳匹配是City2=3.3.3.3,4.4.4.4;
5.5.5.5的最佳匹配是City3=2.2.2.2,6.6.6.6。
输入描述
输入共2行。
第一行为城市的IP段列表,多个IP段采用英文分号’;'分隔,IP段列表最大不超过500000。
城市名称只包含英文字母、数字和下划线,最多不超过100000个。
IP段包含关系可能有多层,但不超过100层。
第二行为查询的IP列表,多个IP采用英文逗号’,'分隔,最多不超过10000条。
输出描述
最佳匹配的城市名列表,采用英文逗号,
分隔,城市列表长度应该跟查询的IP列表长度一致。
示例1
输入:
City1=1.1.1.1,1.1.1.2;City1=1.1.1.11,1.1.1.16;City2=3.3.3.3,4.4.4.4;City3=2.2.2.2,6.6.6.6
1.1.1.15,3.3.3.5,2.2.2.3
输出:
City1,City2,City3
题解
Java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
class IpRange {
public String city;
public long startIp;
public long endIp;
public IpRange(String city, long startIp, long endIp) {
this.city = city;
this.startIp = startIp;
this.endIp = endIp;
}
}
/**
* @author code5bug
*/
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
List<IpRange> ipRanges = new ArrayList<>();
// 读取 IP 范围并进行排序
String[] rangeInputs = scanner.nextLine().split(";");
for (String rangeInput : rangeInputs) {
String[] parts = rangeInput.split("=");
String city = parts[0];
String[] ipRange = parts[1].split(",");
long startIp = ipToLong(ipRange[0]), endIp = ipToLong(ipRange[1]);
ipRanges.add(new IpRange(city, startIp, endIp));
}
ipRanges.sort((x, y) -> (int) (x.startIp - y.startIp));
// 查询并输出结果
String[] ipInputs = scanner.nextLine().split(",");
List<String> results = new ArrayList<>();
for (String ipInput : ipInputs) {
results.add(findCity(ipRanges, ipToLong(ipInput)));
}
System.out.println(String.join(",", results));
}
/**
* IP 字符串转成10进制的整数
*
* @param ip
* @return
*/
private static long ipToLong(String ip) {
String[] ipParts = ip.split("\\.");
return (0L | Integer.parseInt(ipParts[0]) << 24) |
(Integer.parseInt(ipParts[1]) << 16) |
(Integer.parseInt(ipParts[2]) << 8) |
Integer.parseInt(ipParts[3]);
}
/**
* 根据IP 查询归属城市, 返回最佳匹配城市名称(既满足条件且长度最小的IP段)
*
* @param ipRanges
* @param ip
* @return
*/
private static String findCity(List<IpRange> ipRanges, long ip) {
String city = "unknown";
long cityLength = Long.MAX_VALUE;
for (IpRange ipRange : ipRanges) {
if (ipRange.startIp > ip) break;
long length = ipRange.endIp - ipRange.startIp + 1;
if (ipRange.startIp <= ip && ip <= ipRange.endIp && length < cityLength) {
cityLength = length;
city = ipRange.city;
}
}
return city;
}
}
Python
from math import inf
import string
def ip_to_int(ip: string):
""" IP 字符串转成10进制的整数 """
ip_nums = list(map(int, ip.split('.')))
return ip_nums[0] << 24 | ip_nums[1] << 16 | ip_nums[2] << 8 | ip_nums[3]
class IpRange:
""" IP范围 """
def __init__(self, city, start_ip, end_ip):
self.start_ip = ip_to_int(start_ip)
self.end_ip = ip_to_int(end_ip)
self.city = city
ip_ranges = []
for sip in input().split(";"):
city, iprange = sip.split("=")
start_ip, end_ip = iprange.split(",")
ip_ranges.append(IpRange(city, start_ip, end_ip))
# 根据 x.start_ip 升序 进行排序
ip_ranges.sort(key=lambda x: x.start_ip)
def find_city(ip):
""" 根据IP 查询归属城市 """
global ip_ranges
# 返回最佳匹配城市名称(既满足条件且长度最小的IP段)
city, city_length = "unknown", inf
for it in ip_ranges:
if it.start_ip > ip:
break
lenght = it.end_ip - it.start_ip + 1
if it.start_ip <= ip <= it.end_ip and lenght < city_length:
city_length = lenght
city = it.city
return city
rs = []
for sip in input().split(","):
rs.append(find_city(ip_to_int(sip)))
print(",".join(rs))
C++
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
class IpRange {
public:
string city;
long startIp;
long endIp;
IpRange(string city, long startIp, long endIp)
: city(move(city)), startIp(startIp), endIp(endIp) {}
};
// IP 字符串转成10进制的整数
long ipToLong(const string& ip) {
istringstream iss(ip);
string token;
long result = 0;
while (getline(iss, token, '.')) {
result = (result << 8) | stoi(token);
}
return result;
}
// 根据IP 查询归属城市, 返回最佳匹配城市名称(既满足条件且长度最小的IP段)
string findCity(const vector<IpRange>& ipRanges, long ip) {
string city = "unknown";
long cityLength = LONG_MAX;
for (const auto& ipRange : ipRanges) {
if (ipRange.startIp > ip) break;
long length = ipRange.endIp - ipRange.startIp + 1;
if (ipRange.startIp <= ip && ip <= ipRange.endIp && length < cityLength) {
cityLength = length;
city = ipRange.city;
}
}
return city;
}
vector<string> split(const string &str, const char &delim) {
vector<string> res;
stringstream ss(str);
string tmp;
while (getline(ss, tmp, delim)) {
if (!tmp.empty()) res.push_back(std::move(tmp));
}
return res;
}
int main() {
vector<IpRange> ipRanges;
// 读取 IP 范围并进行排序
string inputLine;
getline(cin, inputLine);
vector<string> parts = split(inputLine, ';');
for(string& part : parts) {
vector<string> arr = split(part, '=');
string city = arr[0];
vector<string> ips = split(arr[1], ',');
ipRanges.emplace_back(city, ipToLong(ips[0]), ipToLong(ips[1]));
}
sort(ipRanges.begin(), ipRanges.end(), [](const auto& x, const auto& y) {
return x.startIp < y.startIp;
});
// 查询并输出结果
getline(cin, inputLine);
vector<string> results;
for(auto& ip : split(inputLine,',')) {
results.push_back(findCity(ipRanges, ipToLong(ip)));
}
for(int i=0; i<results.size(); i++) {
if(i + 1 == results.size()) {
cout << results[i] << endl;
} else {
cout << results[i] << ",";
}
}
return 0;
}
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