参考链接
官方参考
clangformat——代码规范的最好伙伴
clang-format的介绍和使用
入门博客参考
介绍
Clang-Format可用于格式化（排版）多种不同语言的代码。其自带的排版格式主要有：LLVM, Google, Chromium, Mozilla, WebKit等,若-style=google，则表示应用Google的格式化风格.
linux 安装：
sudo apt install clang-format -y
基本使用
# 导出配置文件 可选格式最好写预设那那几个写最接近你想要的格式
clang-format -style=可选格式名 -dump-config > .clang-format
# 以LLVM代码风格格式化main.cpp, 结果输出到stdout
clang-format -style=LLVM main.cpp
# 以LLVM代码风格格式化main.cpp, 结果直接写到main.cpp
clang-format -style=LLVM -i main.cpp
# 当然也支持对指定行格式化，格式化main.cpp的第1，2行
clang-format -lines=1:2 main.cpp
# 对整个目录格式化
find . -regex '.*\.\(cpp\|hpp\|hh\|cu\|c\|h\)' -exec clang-format -i {} \;
可用配置
AccessModifierOffset: -4
AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align
AlignArrayOfStructures: None
AlignConsecutiveMacros: None
AlignConsecutiveAssignments: None
AlignConsecutiveBitFields: None
AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: None
AlignEscapedNewlines: Left
AlignOperands: Align
AlignTrailingComments: true
AllowAllArgumentsOnNextLine: true
AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: true
AllowShortEnumsOnASingleLine: true
AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: Never
AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: false
AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: All
AllowShortLambdasOnASingleLine: All
AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: true
AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: true
AlwaysBreakAfterDefinitionReturnType: None
AlwaysBreakAfterReturnType: None
AlwaysBreakBeforeMultilineStrings: true
AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: Yes
AttributeMacros:
- __capability
BinPackArguments: true
BinPackParameters: true
BraceWrapping:
AfterCaseLabel: false
AfterClass: false
AfterControlStatement: Never
AfterEnum: false
AfterFunction: false
AfterNamespace: false
AfterObjCDeclaration: false
AfterStruct: false
AfterUnion: false
AfterExternBlock: false
BeforeCatch: false
BeforeElse: false
BeforeLambdaBody: false
BeforeWhile: false
IndentBraces: false
SplitEmptyFunction: true
SplitEmptyRecord: true
SplitEmptyNamespace: true
BreakBeforeBinaryOperators: None
BreakBeforeConceptDeclarations: true
BreakBeforeBraces: Attach
BreakBeforeInheritanceComma: false
BreakInheritanceList: BeforeColon
BreakBeforeTernaryOperators: true
BreakConstructorInitializersBeforeComma: false
BreakConstructorInitializers: BeforeColon
BreakAfterJavaFieldAnnotations: false
BreakStringLiterals: true
ColumnLimit: 80
CommentPragmas: '^ IWYU pragma:'
QualifierAlignment: Leave
CompactNamespaces: false
ConstructorInitializerIndentWidth: 4
ContinuationIndentWidth: 4
Cpp11BracedListStyle: true
DeriveLineEnding: true
DerivePointerAlignment: true
DisableFormat: false
EmptyLineAfterAccessModifier: Never
EmptyLineBeforeAccessModifier: LogicalBlock
ExperimentalAutoDetectBinPacking: false
PackConstructorInitializers: NextLine
BasedOnStyle: ''
ConstructorInitializerAllOnOneLineOrOnePerLine: false
AllowAllConstructorInitializersOnNextLine: true
FixNamespaceComments: true
ForEachMacros:
- foreach
- Q_FOREACH
- BOOST_FOREACH
IfMacros:
- KJ_IF_MAYBE
IncludeBlocks: Regroup
IncludeCategories:
- Regex: '^<ext/.*\.h>'
Priority: 2
SortPriority: 0
CaseSensitive: false
- Regex: '^<.*\.h>'
Priority: 1
SortPriority: 0
CaseSensitive: false
- Regex: '^<.*'
Priority: 2
SortPriority: 0
CaseSensitive: false
- Regex: '.*'
Priority: 3
SortPriority: 0
CaseSensitive: false
IncludeIsMainRegex: '([-_](test|unittest))?$'
IncludeIsMainSourceRegex: ''
IndentAccessModifiers: false
IndentCaseLabels: true
IndentCaseBlocks: false
IndentGotoLabels: true
IndentPPDirectives: None
IndentExternBlock: AfterExternBlock
IndentRequires: false
IndentWidth: 4
IndentWrappedFunctionNames: false
InsertTrailingCommas: None
JavaScriptQuotes: Leave
JavaScriptWrapImports: true
KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: false
LambdaBodyIndentation: Signature
MacroBlockBegin: ''
MacroBlockEnd: ''
MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 1
NamespaceIndentation: None
ObjCBinPackProtocolList: Never
ObjCBlockIndentWidth: 2
ObjCBreakBeforeNestedBlockParam: true
ObjCSpaceAfterProperty: false
ObjCSpaceBeforeProtocolList: true
PenaltyBreakAssignment: 2
PenaltyBreakBeforeFirstCallParameter: 1
PenaltyBreakComment: 300
PenaltyBreakFirstLessLess: 120
PenaltyBreakOpenParenthesis: 0
PenaltyBreakString: 1000
PenaltyBreakTemplateDeclaration: 10
PenaltyExcessCharacter: 1000000
PenaltyReturnTypeOnItsOwnLine: 200
PenaltyIndentedWhitespace: 0
PointerAlignment: Left
PPIndentWidth: -1
RawStringFormats:
- Language: Cpp
Delimiters:
- cc
- CC
- cpp
- Cpp
- CPP
- 'c++'
- 'C++'
CanonicalDelimiter: ''
BasedOnStyle: google
- Language: TextProto
Delimiters:
- pb
- PB
- proto
- PROTO
EnclosingFunctions:
- EqualsProto
- EquivToProto
- PARSE_PARTIAL_TEXT_PROTO
- PARSE_TEST_PROTO
- PARSE_TEXT_PROTO
- ParseTextOrDie
- ParseTextProtoOrDie
- ParseTestProto
- ParsePartialTestProto
CanonicalDelimiter: pb
BasedOnStyle: google
ReferenceAlignment: Pointer
ReflowComments: true
RemoveBracesLLVM: false
SeparateDefinitionBlocks: Leave
ShortNamespaceLines: 1
SortIncludes: CaseSensitive
SortJavaStaticImport: Before
SortUsingDeclarations: true
SpaceAfterCStyleCast: false
SpaceAfterLogicalNot: false
SpaceAfterTemplateKeyword: true
SpaceBeforeAssignmentOperators: true
SpaceBeforeCaseColon: false
SpaceBeforeCpp11BracedList: false
SpaceBeforeCtorInitializerColon: true
SpaceBeforeInheritanceColon: true
SpaceBeforeParens: ControlStatements
SpaceBeforeParensOptions:
AfterControlStatements: true
AfterForeachMacros: true
AfterFunctionDefinitionName: false
AfterFunctionDeclarationName: false
AfterIfMacros: true
AfterOverloadedOperator: false
BeforeNonEmptyParentheses: false
SpaceAroundPointerQualifiers: Default
SpaceBeforeRangeBasedForLoopColon: true
SpaceInEmptyBlock: false
SpaceInEmptyParentheses: false
SpacesBeforeTrailingComments: 2
SpacesInAngles: Never
SpacesInConditionalStatement: false
SpacesInContainerLiterals: true
SpacesInCStyleCastParentheses: false
SpacesInLineCommentPrefix:
Minimum: 1
Maximum: -1
SpacesInParentheses: false
SpacesInSquareBrackets: false
SpaceBeforeSquareBrackets: false
BitFieldColonSpacing: Both
Standard: Auto
StatementAttributeLikeMacros:
- Q_EMIT
StatementMacros:
- Q_UNUSED
- QT_REQUIRE_VERSION
TabWidth: 8
UseCRLF: false
UseTab: Never
WhitespaceSensitiveMacros:
- STRINGIZE
- PP_STRINGIZE
- BOOST_PP_STRINGIZE
- NS_SWIFT_NAME
- CF_SWIFT_NAME
...
配置文件的各个选项的含义
---
# 语言: None, Cpp, Java, JavaScript, ObjC, Proto, TableGen, TextProto
Language: Cpp
# BasedOnStyle: LLVM
# 访问说明符(public、private等)的偏移
AccessModifierOffset: -4
# 开括号(开圆括号、开尖括号、开方括号)后的对齐: Align, DontAlign, AlwaysBreak(总是在开括号后换行)
AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align
# 连续赋值时，对齐所有等号
AlignConsecutiveAssignments: true
# 连续声明时，对齐所有声明的变量名
AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: true
# 左对齐逃脱换行(使用反斜杠换行)的反斜杠
AlignEscapedNewlinesLeft: true
# 水平对齐二元和三元表达式的操作数
AlignOperands: true
# 对齐连续的尾随的注释
AlignTrailingComments: true
# 允许函数声明的所有参数在放在下一行
AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: true
# 允许短的块放在同一行
AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: false
# 允许短的case标签放在同一行
AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: false
# 允许短的函数放在同一行: None, InlineOnly(定义在类中), Empty(空函数), Inline(定义在类中，空函数), All
AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: Empty
# 允许短的if语句保持在同一行
AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false
# 允许短的循环保持在同一行
AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: false
# 总是在定义返回类型后换行(deprecated)
AlwaysBreakAfterDefinitionReturnType: None
# 总是在返回类型后换行: None, All, TopLevel(顶级函数，不包括在类中的函数),
# AllDefinitions(所有的定义，不包括声明), TopLevelDefinitions(所有的顶级函数的定义)
AlwaysBreakAfterReturnType: None
# 总是在多行string字面量前换行
AlwaysBreakBeforeMultilineStrings: false
# 总是在template声明后换行
AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: false
# false表示函数实参要么都在同一行，要么都各自一行
BinPackArguments: true
# false表示所有形参要么都在同一行，要么都各自一行
BinPackParameters: true
# 大括号换行，只有当BreakBeforeBraces设置为Custom时才有效
BraceWrapping:
# class定义后面
AfterClass: false
# 控制语句后面
AfterControlStatement: false
# enum定义后面
AfterEnum: false
# 函数定义后面
AfterFunction: false
# 命名空间定义后面
AfterNamespace: false
# ObjC定义后面
AfterObjCDeclaration: false
# struct定义后面
AfterStruct: false
# union定义后面
AfterUnion: false
# catch之前
BeforeCatch: true
# else之前
BeforeElse: true
# 缩进大括号
IndentBraces: false
# 在二元运算符前换行: None(在操作符后换行), NonAssignment(在非赋值的操作符前换行), All(在操作符前换行)
BreakBeforeBinaryOperators: NonAssignment
# 在大括号前换行: Attach(始终将大括号附加到周围的上下文), Linux(除函数、命名空间和类定义，与Attach类似),
# Mozilla(除枚举、函数、记录定义，与Attach类似), Stroustrup(除函数定义、catch、else，与Attach类似),
# Allman(总是在大括号前换行), GNU(总是在大括号前换行，并对于控制语句的大括号增加额外的缩进), WebKit(在函数前换行), Custom
# 注：这里认为语句块也属于函数
BreakBeforeBraces: Custom
# 在三元运算符前换行
BreakBeforeTernaryOperators: true
# 在构造函数的初始化列表的逗号前换行
BreakConstructorInitializersBeforeComma: false
# 每行字符的限制，0表示没有限制
ColumnLimit: 200
# 描述具有特殊意义的注释的正则表达式，它不应该被分割为多行或以其它方式改变
CommentPragmas: '^ IWYU pragma:'
# 构造函数的初始化列表要么都在同一行，要么都各自一行
ConstructorInitializerAllOnOneLineOrOnePerLine: false
# 构造函数的初始化列表的缩进宽度
ConstructorInitializerIndentWidth: 4
# 延续的行的缩进宽度
ContinuationIndentWidth: 4
# 去除C++11的列表初始化的大括号{后和}前的空格
Cpp11BracedListStyle: false
# 继承最常用的指针和引用的对齐方式
DerivePointerAlignment: false
# 关闭格式化
DisableFormat: false
# 自动检测函数的调用和定义是否被格式为每行一个参数(Experimental)
ExperimentalAutoDetectBinPacking: false
# 需要被解读为foreach循环而不是函数调用的宏
ForEachMacros: [ foreach, Q_FOREACH, BOOST_FOREACH ]
# 对#include进行排序，匹配了某正则表达式的#include拥有对应的优先级，匹配不到的则默认优先级为INT_MAX(优先级越小排序越靠前)，
# 可以定义负数优先级从而保证某些#include永远在最前面
IncludeCategories:
- Regex: '^"(llvm|llvm-c|clang|clang-c)/'
Priority: 2
- Regex: '^(<|"(gtest|isl|json)/)'
Priority: 3
- Regex: '.*'
Priority: 1
# 缩进case标签
IndentCaseLabels: false
# 缩进宽度
IndentWidth: 4
# 函数返回类型换行时，缩进函数声明或函数定义的函数名
IndentWrappedFunctionNames: false
# 保留在块开始处的空行
KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: true
# 开始一个块的宏的正则表达式
MacroBlockBegin: ''
# 结束一个块的宏的正则表达式
MacroBlockEnd: ''
# 连续空行的最大数量
MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 1
# 命名空间的缩进: None, Inner(缩进嵌套的命名空间中的内容), All
NamespaceIndentation: Inner
# 使用ObjC块时缩进宽度
ObjCBlockIndentWidth: 4
# 在ObjC的@property后添加一个空格
ObjCSpaceAfterProperty: false
# 在ObjC的protocol列表前添加一个空格
ObjCSpaceBeforeProtocolList: true
# 在call(后对函数调用换行的penalty
PenaltyBreakBeforeFirstCallParameter: 19
# 在一个注释中引入换行的penalty
PenaltyBreakComment: 300
# 第一次在<<前换行的penalty
PenaltyBreakFirstLessLess: 120
# 在一个字符串字面量中引入换行的penalty
PenaltyBreakString: 1000
# 对于每个在行字符数限制之外的字符的penalty
PenaltyExcessCharacter: 1000000
# 将函数的返回类型放到它自己的行的penalty
PenaltyReturnTypeOnItsOwnLine: 60
# 指针和引用的对齐: Left, Right, Middle
PointerAlignment: Left
# 允许重新排版注释
ReflowComments: true
# 允许排序#include
SortIncludes: true
# 在C风格类型转换后添加空格
SpaceAfterCStyleCast: false
# 在赋值运算符之前添加空格
SpaceBeforeAssignmentOperators: true
# 开圆括号之前添加一个空格: Never, ControlStatements, Always
SpaceBeforeParens: ControlStatements
# 在空的圆括号中添加空格
SpaceInEmptyParentheses: false
# 在尾随的评论前添加的空格数(只适用于//)
SpacesBeforeTrailingComments: 2
# 在尖括号的<后和>前添加空格
SpacesInAngles: true
# 在容器(ObjC和JavaScript的数组和字典等)字面量中添加空格
SpacesInContainerLiterals: true
# 在C风格类型转换的括号中添加空格
SpacesInCStyleCastParentheses: true
# 在圆括号的(后和)前添加空格
SpacesInParentheses: true
# 在方括号的[后和]前添加空格，lamda表达式和未指明大小的数组的声明不受影响
SpacesInSquareBrackets: true
# 标准: Cpp03, Cpp11, Auto
Standard: Cpp11
# tab宽度
TabWidth: 4
# 使用tab字符: Never, ForIndentation, ForContinuationAndIndentation, Always
UseTab: Never
...