【React】TS项目配置Redux

前提条件

Redux Toolkit（RTK）： 官方推荐编写Redux逻辑的方式，是一套工具的集合集，简化书写方式。

1. 简化 store 的配置方式
2. 内置 immer 支持可变式状态修改
3. 内置 thunk 更好的异步创建

react-redux：用来链接 Redux 和 React组件的中间件。

安装

npm i @reduxjs/toolkit react-redux

浏览器插件 - Redux DevTools(推荐但不强制使用)

下载并启用插件

控制台找到redux选项

配置

目录结构

src 下创建 store，其中 index.ts/index.js 作为modules中所有store的集合

store/index.ts配置

import { configureStore } from '@reduxjs/toolkit'

const store = configureStore({
  reducer: {},
})

// 后续使用useSelector时参数state的类型
export type RootState = ReturnType<typeof store.getState>
export type AppDispatch = typeof store.dispatch

export default store

index.ts 或 main.ts中注册store

import React from 'react'
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom'
import './index.css'
import App from './App'
// 添加如下
import store from './app/store'
import { Provider } from 'react-redux'

ReactDOM.render(
  <Provider store={store}>
    <App />
  </Provider>,
  document.getElementById('root')
)

至此已经全局注册了Redux

配置

同步配置

import { createSlice } from '@reduxjs/toolkit'
import type { PayloadAction } from '@reduxjs/toolkit'

export interface CounterState {
  value: number
}

const initialState: CounterState = {
  value: 0,
}


export const counterSlice = createSlice({
  name: 'counter',
  initialState,
  reducers: {
    increment: (state:CounterState) => {
      state.value += 1
    },
    decrement: (state:CounterState) => {
      state.value -= 1
    },
  },
})

export default counterSlice.reducer

异步配置

import { createSlice,createAsyncThunk } from '@reduxjs/toolkit'
import type { PayloadAction } from '@reduxjs/toolkit'

export interface CounterState {
  value: number
}
const initialState: CounterState = {
  value: 0,
}

export const counterSlice = createSlice({
  name: 'counter',
  initialState,
  // 同步操作
  reducers: {
   	......
  },
  // 异步操作
  extraReducers(builder){
    // 这里的payload就是incrementAsync的返回值
    builder.addCase(incrementAsync.fulfilled,(state,{payload})=>{
      state.value += payload
    })
  }
})
// 定义异步函数
export const incrementAsync = createAsyncThunk<number>(
  "incrementAsync",
  async(p:number)=>{
  const res = await new Promise<number>(r=>{
    setTimeout(() => {
      r(p)
    }, 1000);
  })
  return res
})
export default counterSlice.reducer

store/index.ts 中注册

import { configureStore } from "@reduxjs/toolkit";
// 引入counterSlice.ts
import counterStore  from "./modules/counterSlice";

const store = configureStore({
  reducer:{
  	// 注册，注意名字要与counterSlice.ts中的name一致
    counter:counterStore
  }
})

export type RootState = ReturnType<typeof store.getState>
export type AppDispatch = typeof store.dispatch

export default store 

再次查看Redux Tools工具，已经发现value

使用

// useSelect用于选择操作哪个store
// useDispatch用于生成实例，该实例可以调用reducers的function
import { useSelector, useDispatch } from "react-redux" 

// 引入index中的RootState类型  js项目不需要
import { AppDispatch, RootState } from "@/store" 

// 引入functions
import { decrement, increment, incrementAsync } from "@/store/modules/counterSlice" 

const Demo = () => {
  const count = useSelector((state: RootState) => state.counter.value)
  const dispatch: AppDispatch = useDispatch() // 异步函数必须加AppDispatch类型，否则报错，同步可以不添加
  return (
    <>
      <div className="navbar_top"></div>
      <div>{count}</div>
      <button onClick={() => dispatch(increment({ value: 2 }))}>+2</button>
      <button onClick={() => dispatch(incrementAsync(2))}>+2</button>
      <button onClick={() => dispatch(decrement())}>-1</button>
    </>
  )
}
export default Demo

操作后通过工具发现value已经改变