目录
@
前言
前面文章介绍了muduo网络库的单线程设计方式，即一个EventLoop 处理所有的事件，包括链接的建立、IO、计算、以及链接的销毁，本文介绍下muduo中的多线程设计方法。
多线程TcpServer
EventLoopThreadPool
多线程的muduo::TcpServer，主要通过添加一个EventLoopThreadPool 事件循环线程池实现，新建TcpConnection时从event loop pool里挑选一个loop给TcpConnection用。 也就是说多线程TcpServer自己的EventLoop只用来接受新连接， 而新连接会用其他EventLoop来执行IO。 （单线程TcpServer的EventLoop是与TcpConnection共享的。）
EventLoopThreadPooll 按one loop per thread的思想实现多线程TcpServer， 此时主线程循环只负责TCP链接的建立，及任务的分配，需要让哪个线程干活， 就把timer或IO（如TCP连接） 注册到那个线程的循环里即可；对实时性有要求的connection可以单独用一个线程； 数据量大的connection可以独占一个线程；并把数据处理任务分摊到另几个计算线程中（用线程池）；其他次要的辅助性connections共享一个线程。
线程池设计模式
池是一种设计模式，线程是是一种资源，线程池设计模式通常是事先申请一定的资源，当需要使用时，去资源池中申请资源，用完后再放回资源池中。EventLoopThreadPool 正是借鉴了这种设计模式，虽然使用的线程并不会放回资源池中，但是本身的一个EventLoop即一个Reactor，本身就具备等待机制了。
muduo中的使用
TcpServer每次新建一条TcpConnection就会通过EventLoopThreadPool::getNextLoop()方法来取一个EventLoop， 目前的getNextLoop()只是循环的从池中取一条loop，如果提供给每条TcpConncetion的是均等的服务，那么这样就能很均匀的分配系统的资源了。
TcpServer的工作方式取决于EventLoopThreadPool中线程的创建数量。
0 意味着所有的I/O 都在TcpServer的主事件循环中，不会创建新的线程。
1 意味着所有的 I/O 在另一个线程中 ，TcpServer的主线程只负责建立连接。
N 意味着新的连接会被循环的分配到N条线程中工作。
连接的建立、消息、销毁
on_connection
1、对于新的连接new connection 会在 TcpServer的Loop 中由Acceptor建立，
void Acceptor::handleRead()
{
LOG_TRACE << "Acceptor::handleRead()";
p_loop->assertInLoopThread();
InetAddress peerAddr;
int connfd = m_acceptSocket.accept(&peerAddr);2、之后从loop_thread_pool中取一个loop将新的connection注册上去。
void TcpServer::newConnetion(int sockfd, const InetAddress& peerAddr)
{
InetAddress localAddr(sockets::getLocalAddr(sockfd));
EventLoop* loop;
loop = ex_event_loop_thread_pool->getNextLoop();
TcpConnectionPtr conn(new TcpConnection(loop,
connName, sockfd, localAddr, peerAddr));
conn->setConnectionCallBack(m_connectionCallBack);
conn->setMessageCallBack(m_messageCallBack);
conn->setCloseCallBack(std::bind(&TcpServer::removeConnection, this, std::placeholders::_1));
loop->runInLoop(std::bind(&TcpConnection::connectEstablished, conn));on_message
1、message将在connection自己所处的loop中处理，无需多言。
on_close
1、连接的销毁稍微复杂一点，connection会在自己的loop中调用Tcp:Server::removeConnection，我们需要将他移动到TcpServer的Loop线程中先解除TcpServer对connection的使用，然后在回到connection自己的loop中销毁连接connectDestroyed()。
void TcpServer::removeConnection(const TcpConnectionPtr& conn)
{
// FIXME: unsafe
p_loop->runInLoop(std::bind(&TcpServer::removeConnectionInLoop, this, conn));
}
void TcpServer::removeConnectionInLoop(const TcpConnectionPtr& conn)
{
p_loop->assertInLoopThread();
LOG_INFO << "TcpServer::removeConnectionInLoop [" << m_name
<< "] - connection " << conn->name();
m_closeCallBack(conn);
EventLoop* ioLoop = conn->getLoop();
ioLoop->queueInLoop(
std::bind(&TcpConnection::connectDestroyed, conn));
}简单透传服务实现
利用muduo多线程TcpServer 实现一个简单的透传服务，从connection中收到的消息直接转发给所有的其他connection。
//ws_tcp_server.hpp
#pragma once
#include <async_logging>
#include <muduo_server>
namespace ws {
extern std::unique_ptr<muduo::EventLoop> active_event_loop;
class tcp_server{
public:
//! ctor
tcp_server(void);
//! dtor
~tcp_server(void) = default;
//! copy ctor
tcp_server(const tcp_server&) = delete;
//! assignment operator
tcp_server& operator=(const tcp_server&) = delete;
public:
//! listen_and_serve
//! start server and listened on port
void listen_and_serve(std::size_t port);
private:
void on_connection(const muduo::TcpConnectionPtr&);
void on_message(const muduo::TcpConnectionPtr& , muduo::Buffer*, ssize_t );
void on_close(const muduo::TcpConnectionPtr&);
private:
//!
//typedef std::vector<muduo::TcpConnectionPtr> connections_t;
//!
typedef std::map<std::string, muduo::TcpConnectionPtr> connections_map_t;
private:
//! master connection
//muduo::TcpConnectionPtr m_master_connection;
//! slave connection
//connections_t m_connections;
//! muduo tcp server
std::unique_ptr<muduo::TcpServer> m_tcp_server;
//! connections map
connections_map_t m_connections_map;
std::size_t cnt_connetions;
};
}
//ws_tcp_server.cpp
#include "ws_tcp_server.hpp"
#include <assert.h>
static muduo::EventLoopThread static_event_loop;
std::unique_ptr<muduo::EventLoop> ws::active_event_loop = std::unique_ptr<muduo::EventLoop>(static_event_loop.startLoop());
using namespace ws;
tcp_server::tcp_server()
:cnt_connetions(0)
{
}
void tcp_server::listen_and_serve(std::size_t port)
{
assert(active_event_loop);
muduo::ex_event_loop_thread_pool = std::unique_ptr<muduo::EventLoopThreadPool>(new muduo::EventLoopThreadPool(ws::active_event_loop.get(), "event_loop", 3));
active_event_loop->runInLoop(std::bind(&muduo::EventLoopThreadPool::start, muduo::ex_event_loop_thread_pool.get()));
m_tcp_server = std::unique_ptr<muduo::TcpServer>(new muduo::TcpServer(active_event_loop.get(), InetAddress(port)));
m_tcp_server->setConnectionCallBack(std::bind(&tcp_server::on_connection, this, std::placeholders::_1));
m_tcp_server->setMessageCallBack(std::bind(&tcp_server::on_message, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3));
m_tcp_server->setCloseCallBack(std::bind(&tcp_server::on_close, this, std::placeholders::_1));
m_tcp_server->start();
}
void tcp_server::on_connection(const muduo::TcpConnectionPtr& conn)
{
cnt_connetions++;
std::string conn_name = "tcp connection " + std::to_string(cnt_connetions);
conn->setConnectionName(conn_name);
m_connections_map[conn_name] = std::move(conn);
}
void tcp_server::on_message(const muduo::TcpConnectionPtr& conn, muduo::Buffer* buf, ssize_t size)
{
connections_map_t::iterator iter;
for(iter = m_connections_map.begin(); iter != m_connections_map.end(); iter++)
{
if(iter->second != conn){
LOG_DEBUG << "con " << conn->name() << " send to " << iter->second->name();
iter->second->send(buf->peek(), size);
}
}
buf->retrieve(size);
}
void tcp_server::on_close(const muduo::TcpConnectionPtr& conn)
{
size_t n = m_connections_map.erase(conn->name());
(void)n;
assert(n == 1);
}
// main.cpp
#include <async_logging>
#include "ws_tcp_server.hpp"
int main()
{
Logger::setLogLevel(Logger::DEBUG);
ws::tcp_server tcp_server;
tcp_server.listen_and_serve(8008);
getchar();
}../bin/ws_server
2019-03-19 16:22:17.202112 [TRACE] [EventLoopThread.cpp:41] [startLoop] EventLoopThread::startLoop() wait()
2019-03-19 16:22:17.203199 [TRACE] [TimerQueue.cpp:20] [createTimerfd] createTimerfd() fd : 4
2019-03-19 16:22:17.203376 [TRACE] [Epoll.cpp:115] [updateChannel] fd= 4 events 3
2019-03-19 16:22:17.203549 [TRACE] [EventLoop.cpp:23] [createEventfd] createEventfd() fd : 5
2019-03-19 16:22:17.203711 [INFO ] [EventLoop.cpp:43] EventLoop Create 0x7F1E72371B30 in thread 44057
2019-03-19 16:22:17.203872 [TRACE] [Epoll.cpp:115] [updateChannel] fd= 5 events 3
2019-03-19 16:22:17.204188 [TRACE] [EventLoopThread.cpp:65] [threadFunc] EventLoopThread::threadFunc() notify()
2019-03-19 16:22:17.204332 [TRACE] [EventLoop.cpp:74] [loop] EventLoop 0x7F1E72371B30 start loopig
2019-03-19 16:22:17.204477 [TRACE] [Epoll.cpp:72] [poll] Epoll::poll() maxConcurrencySize 2
2019-03-19 16:22:17.204794 [TRACE] [EventLoopThread.cpp:46] [startLoop] EventLoopThread::startLoop() wakeup
2019-03-19 16:22:17.210324 [INFO ] [EventLoop.cpp:43] EventLoop Create 0x7F1E71B70B30 in thread 44058
2019-03-19 16:22:17.212173 [INFO ] [EventLoop.cpp:43] EventLoop Create 0x7F1E7136FB30 in thread 44059
2019-03-19 16:22:17.212725 [INFO ] [EventLoop.cpp:43] EventLoop Create 0x7F1E70B6EB30 in thread 44060
2019-03-19 16:22:22.399790 [INFO ] [TcpServer.cpp:52] TcpServer::newConnetion() [Serv ] - new connection [Serv #1] from 127.0.0.1:51400
2019-03-19 16:22:22.399833 [INFO ] [TcpServer.cpp:61] Loop 0x7F1E71B70B30
2019-03-19 16:22:22.399842 [DEBUG] [TcpConnection.cpp:27] [TcpConnection] TcpConnection::ctor[Serv #1] at 0x7F1E6C0046F0 fd=17
2019-03-19 16:22:24.901612 [INFO ] [TcpServer.cpp:52] TcpServer::newConnetion() [Serv ] - new connection [Serv #2] from 127.0.0.1:51402
2019-03-19 16:22:24.901625 [INFO ] [TcpServer.cpp:61] Loop 0x7F1E7136FB30
2019-03-19 16:22:24.901635 [DEBUG] [TcpConnection.cpp:27] [TcpConnection] TcpConnection::ctor[Serv #2] at 0x7F1E6C006A30 fd=18
2019-03-19 16:22:25.903035 [DEBUG] [ws_tcp_server.cpp:58] [on_message] con tcp connection 2 send to tcp connection 1
2019-03-19 16:22:32.499161 [INFO ] [TcpServer.cpp:52] TcpServer::newConnetion() [Serv ] - new connection [Serv #3] from 127.0.0.1:51404
2019-03-19 16:22:32.499174 [INFO ] [TcpServer.cpp:61] Loop 0x7F1E70B6EB30
2019-03-19 16:22:32.499183 [DEBUG] [TcpConnection.cpp:27] [TcpConnection] TcpConnection::ctor[Serv #3] at 0x7F1E6C008D80 fd=19
2019-03-19 16:22:33.499744 [DEBUG] [ws_tcp_server.cpp:58] [on_message] con tcp connection 3 send to tcp connection 1
2019-03-19 16:22:33.499771 [DEBUG] [ws_tcp_server.cpp:58] [on_message] con tcp connection 3 send to tcp connection 2
2019-03-19 16:22:35.986563 [DEBUG] [ws_tcp_server.cpp:58] [on_message] con tcp connection 2 send to tcp connection 1
2019-03-19 16:22:35.986670 [DEBUG] [ws_tcp_server.cpp:58] [on_message] con tcp connection 2 send to tcp connection 3
2019-03-19 16:22:36.982713 [DEBUG] [ws_tcp_server.cpp:58] [on_message] con tcp connection 2 send to tcp connection 1
2019-03-19 16:22:36.982759 [DEBUG] [ws_tcp_server.cpp:58] [on_message] con tcp connection 2 send to tcp connection 3
2019-03-19 16:22:38.244229 [INFO ] [TcpServer.cpp:90] TcpServer::removeConnectionInLoop [Serv ] - connection tcp connection 2
2019-03-19 16:22:38.244281 [DEBUG] [TcpConnection.cpp:36] [~TcpConnection] TcpConnection::dtor[tcp connection 2] at 0x7F1E6C006A30 fd=18 state=kDisConnected