python学习之路网络编程篇（第五篇）

paramiko简介

　　paramiko 是基于Python实现的SSH2远程安装连接，支持认证及秘钥方式。可以实现远程命令执行、文件传输、中间SSH代理等功能。

　　paramiko安装　

#!/bin/bash

#install indepence package

cd /data/soft

wget https://www.dlitz.net/pub/dlitz/crypto/pycrypto/pycrypto-2.6.tar.gz

yum -y install gcc python-devel

tar zxf pycrypto-2.6.tar.gz -C /usr/local

cd /usr/local/pycrypto-2.6

python setup.py build

python setup.py install

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/e/ecdsa/ecdsa-0.13.tar.gz#md5=1f60eda9cb5c46722856db41a3ae6670

tar zxf ecdsa-0.13.tar.gz -C /usr/local

cd /usr/local/ecdsa-0.13

python setup.py build

python setup.py install

#install paramiko package

cd /data/soft

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/paramiko/paramiko-1.16.0.tar.gz#md5=7e1203f5ffeb7d2bc2bffc4feb804216

tar zxvf paramiko-1.16.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local

cd /usr/local/paramiko-1.16.0

python setup.py build

python setup.py install

导入paramiko模块：import paramiko

[root@bogon ~]# python

Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Jul 23 2015, 15:22:56)

[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-11)] on linux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import paramiko

>>>

paramiko API安装：pip install paramiko

paramiko基于用户名和密码登陆远程主机

SSHClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行基本命令

import paramiko

# 创建SSH对象

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 连接服务器

ssh.connect(hostname='172.16.2.100', port=22, username='root', password='123345')

# 执行命令

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ls')

# 获取命令结果

result = stdout.read()

# 关闭连接

ssh.close()

具体实现脚本如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('172.20.2.234',22))

transport.connect(username='root',password='000000')

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh._transport = transport

stdin,stdout,stderr = ssh.exec_command('uname -a')

print(stdout.read())

transport.close()

paramiko基于秘钥登陆远程主机

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/root/.ssh/id_rsa')

# 创建SSH对象

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 连接服务器

ssh.connect(hostname='172.16.2.234', port=22, username='root', key=private_key)

# 执行命令

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

# 获取命令结果

result = stdout.read()

# 关闭连接

ssh.close()

具体实现脚本如下：

[root@bogon paramiko]# cat para_key.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/root/.ssh/id_rsa')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('172.20.2.234',22))

transport.connect(username='root',pkey=private_key)

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh._transport = transport

stdin,stdout,stderr =  ssh.exec_command('df -hT')

print(stdout.read())

transport.close()

paramiko实现远程文件的上传下载

SFTPClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载

基于用户名密码上传下载：

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('172.16.2.234',22))

transport.connect(username='root',password='123345')

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py

sftp.put('/data/local/location.py', '/data/remote/test.py')

# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path

sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()

具体实现代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python

import paramiko

username = 'root'

password = '000000'

hostname = '172.20.2.234'

port = 22

try:

    t = paramiko.Transport((hostname,port))

    t.connect(username=username,password=password)

    sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)

    sftp.put('/data/local/localfile','/data/remote/remotefile')

    sftp.get('/data/remote/remotefile1','/data/local/localfile1')

    sftp.mkdir('/data/aaa',0755)

    sftp.rmdir('/data/aaa')

    sftp.rename('/data/remote/test.sh','/data/remote/testfile.sh')

    print(sftp.stat('/data/remote/testfile.sh'))

    print(sftp.listdir('/data/remote'))

except Exception as e:

    print(e)