Oracle 冷备份详解

  --准备工作

  select * from v$database;

  select file_name from dba_data_files;

  create tablespace inv datafile '/oradata/ocm/inv01.dbf' size 2048M;

  create user inv identified by inv default tablespace inv temporary tablespace temp;

  grant dba,resource to inv;

  alter user scott account unlock;

  SQL> conn scott/tiger

  select * from tab;

  select 'create table '||tname||' as select * from scott.'||tname||';' from tab;

  create table BONUS as select * from scott.BONUS;

  create table DEPT as select * from scott.DEPT;

  create table EMP as select * from scott.EMP;

  create table SALGRADE as select * from scott.SALGRADE;

  create table te_objects as select * from dba_objects;

  --oracle冷备份

  select instance_name,version,status,archiver,database_status from v$instance;

  select dbid,name,log_mode from v$database;

  --需要备份文件包括:

  /*

  数据文件,联机重做日志文件,控制文件,临时文件,参数文件,密码文件,监听文件,tnsnames文件,sqlnet文件

  */

  --执行语句准备

  select 'cp '|| name ||' /ggs/backup/cold_back' from v$datafile

  union all

  select 'cp '|| name ||' /ggs/backup/cold_back' from v$tempfile

  union all

  select 'cp '|| member ||' /ggs/backup/cold_back' from v$logfile

  union all

  select 'cp '|| name ||' /ggs/backup/cold_back' from v$controlfile;

  --注:使用以上SQL生成的Linux命令进行执行,如下:

  cp /oradata/ocm/system01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/sysaux01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/undotbs01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/users01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/ogg.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/inv01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/temp01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo04a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo04b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo03a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo03b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo02a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo02b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo01a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo01b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/control01.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/control02.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/control03.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back

  create pfile='/ggs/backup/cold_back/dbs/initocm.ora' from spfile;

  cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwocm /ggs/backup/cold_back/dbs/

  cp $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/ /ggs/backup/cold_back/admin/

  --关闭数据库

  alter system archive log all;

  shutdown immediate;

  --执行代码

  cp /oradata/ocm/system01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/sysaux01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/undotbs01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/users01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/ogg.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/inv01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/temp01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo04a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo04b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo03a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo03b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo02a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo02b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo01a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/redo01b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/control01.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/control02.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp /oradata/ocm/control03.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back

  cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwocm /ggs/backup/cold_back/dbs/

  cp -r $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/ /ggs/backup/cold_back/

  --启动数据库

  sqlplus / as sysdba

  startup

  【冷备份的优点和缺点】

  01、优点冷备模式下概念易于理解,即将需要备份的文件复制到安全的位置操作比较简单,不需要太多的干预容易恢复到某个时间点上(只需将文件再拷贝回去)能与归档方法相结合,作数据库“最新状态”的恢复。

  02、缺点 备份时,数据库必须处于一致性关闭状态 只能提供到某一时间点的恢复 备份时速度比较慢,尤其是数据量大性能影响比较大 不能实现基于表和用户级别的数据恢复。(编辑:雷林鹏 来源:网络)

04-18 18:39