近日遇到一个问题,就是ASMdiskgroup无法挂载,通过分析之后,发现有会快存在,但是由于没有备份,没有办法重建diskgroup并从backup恢复--所以所以所以....备份
近日遇到一个问题,就是ASM diskgroup无法挂载,通过分析之后,发现有会快存在,,但是由于没有备份,没有办法重建diskgroup并从backup恢复--所以所以所以....备份很重要啊!不然,哭!!是早晚的事情!
通过解决这个问题,我在自己的测试环境测试了如何在ASM diskgroup无法mount的情况下,尽量挽救数据文件。
这里使用到oracle 工具AMDU,该具体信息可以参考AMDU functionality and usage (Doc ID 855791.1)
1. 由于diskgroup无法挂载,SPFILE、CONTROLFILE、DATAFILE都无法读取
根据步骤,我们首先需要恢复spfile文件,spfile文件存在的意义就是找到control_files的位置,如果spfile无法访问,需要查找备份。
SQL> show parameter control_files+DATA/db/controlfile/current.260.804295233, +FRA/db/controlfile/current.256.804295237
2. 通过ASM实例找到asm_diskstring
SQL> show parameter diskNAMETYPEVALUE------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------asm_diskgroupsstringDATA, FRAasm_diskstringstring/dev/sd*
3. 查找asm disk的路径,后续要指定diskstring来扫描磁盘
SQL> select NAME,STATE,TYPE,OFFLINE_DISKS,VOTING_FILES from v$asm_diskgroup;SQL> col PATH for a50 SQL> col name for a10 SQL> set line 200 SQL> select DISK_NUMBER,GROUP_NUMBER,PATH,name from v$asm_disk;DISK_NUMBER GROUP_NUMBER PATHNAME----------- ------------ -------------------------------------------------- ----------12 /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK5FRA_000102 /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK4FRA_000021 /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK3DATA_0002DISK_NUMBER GROUP_NUMBER PATHNAME----------- ------------ -------------------------------------------------- ----------11 /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK2DATA_000101 /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK1DATA_0000
4. 在diskgroup mount状态,是不能使用amdu导出文件的
执行amdu命令开始导出,遇到错误
$ amdu -diskstring '/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK*' -extract data.260amdu_2013_07_03_17_29_13/AMDU-00204: Disk N0005 is in currently mounted diskgroup DATAAMDU-00201: Disk N0005: '/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK1'
检查发现磁盘组mount
$ crsctl status res -t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------NAMETARGET STATESERVERSTATE_DETAILS--------------------------------------------------------------------------------ora.DATA.dgONLINE ONLINEsingle-dbora.FRA.dgONLINE ONLINEsingle-db
5. 导出控制文件
$ amdu -diskstring '/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK*' -extract data.260amdu_2013_07_03_17_46_07/[oracle@Single-DB amdu]$ cd amdu_2013_07_03_17_46_07/[oracle@Single-DB amdu_2013_07_03_17_46_07]$ lsDATA_260.f report.txt
6. 尝试挂载control file
发现spfile也存放在磁盘组中无法nomount
$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL> startup nomount;ORA-01078: failure in processing system parametersORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/db/spfiledb.ora'ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/db/spfiledb.oraORA-15056: additional error messageORA-17503: ksfdopn:DGOpenFile05 Failed to open file +DATA/db/spfiledb.oraORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/db/spfiledb.oraORA-15001: diskgroup "DATA" does not exist or is not mountedORA-06512: at line 4
7. 那就编辑一个新的pfile文件
$ cp init.ora spfilebk.ora$ vi spfilebk.ora~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~db_name='DB'sga_target=1Gprocesses = 150audit_trail ='db'db_block_size=8192db_domain=''db_recovery_file_dest_size=2Gopen_cursors=300remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'control_files = /u01/amdu/amdu_2013_07_03_17_46_07/DATA_260.fcompatible ='11.2.0'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
8. 通过导出的控制文件启动数据库到mount模式,成功启动,说明AMDU导出的数据时正确的,继续。。。。。
$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL> startup nomount pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/spfilebk.ora';ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytesFixed Size2220200 bytesVariable Size281022296 bytesDatabase Buffers780140544 bytesRedo Buffers5554176 bytesSQL> alter database mount;Database altered.
9. 查看数据文件的位置,然后一一导出
SQL> select name from v$datafile;NAME--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+DATA/db/datafile/system.256.804295135+DATA/db/datafile/sysaux.257.804295137+DATA/db/datafile/undotbs1.258.804295139+DATA/db/datafile/users.259.804295141$ amdu -diskstring '/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK*' -extract data.256<<<<<<<<<<<<<
$ mv amdu_2013_07_03_18_12_56/DATA_257.f sysaux.257.804295137$ mv amdu_2013_07_03_18_22_23/DATA_259.f users.259.804295141$ mv amdu_2013_07_03_18_23_06/DATA_258.f undotbs1.258.804295139$ ll-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 545267712 Jul 3 18:14 sysaux.257.804295137-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 702554112 Jul 3 18:11 system.256.804295135-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 99622912 Jul 3 18:23 undotbs1.258.804295139-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 5251072 Jul 3 18:22 users.259.804295141
11. 挂载前需要修改pfile文件,下面是open数据库是control file如何识别不同路径的datafile, 我使用convert参数来解决(也可以是用set newname的方式)
db_file_name_convert='+DATA/db/datafile','/u01/amdu/amdu_datafile'
添加完pfile,启动数据库,最终成功启动数据库