1.diff():返回略微迭代(lagged)的或滞后的不同(iterated diferences)。
> x<-cumsum(cumsum(1:10))
> x
[1] 1 4 10 20 35 56 84 120 165 220
> diff(x,differances=2)
[1] 3 6 10 15 21 28 36 45 55
> diff(.leap.seconds)
Time differences in days
[1] 184 365 365 365 366 365 365 365 547 365 365 731 914 731 365 547
[17] 365 365 549 547 549 2557 1096 1277