开发环境:
IDEA 2018.2 集成开发工具。
实现功能:
1、用户上线,向服务器通知并注册。
2、同局域网下,所有注册用户可以进行群聊。
3、同局域网下,所有用户可与任意已注册用户进行私聊。
4、用户下线,通知服务器,服务器更新信息。
实现原理:
1、服务器端实例化一个ServerSocket对象,调用accept方法等待客户端连接到服务器。
2、客户端实例化 Socket 对象,并使用构造方法与服务器建立链接。
3、服务器端根据客户端输入信息,辨别客户端请求的功能从而做出相应响应。
实用技术:
为了能够高效的处理客户端的请求,在服务器端使用多线程处理客户端请求。并且使用 ConcurrentHashMap 来存储所有注册过的客户端。
项目源码(解释写在代码的注释当中):
服务器端:
import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintStream; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Set; import java.util.concurrent.*; import java.util.regex.Matcher; import java.util.regex.Pattern; public class ManyThreadServer { //存储所有注册的客户端 private static Map<String, Socket> clientMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<String,Socket>(); //具体的处理每个客户端的请求 private static class ExcuteClient implements Runnable{ private Socket client; public ExcuteClient(Socket client) { this.client = client; } @Override public void run() { try { //获取客户端的输出流,读取客户端消息,并处理 Scanner in = new Scanner(client.getInputStream()); String strFromClient; while(true){ if(in.hasNextLine()){ strFromClient = in.nextLine(); //在Windows下默认换行是:\r\n,所以把\r要转换为空字符串 Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\r"); Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(strFromClient); strFromClient = matcher.replaceAll(""); //注册流程 if(strFromClient.startsWith("useName")){ String useName = strFromClient.split("\\:")[1]; registerUser(useName,client); continue; } //群聊功能 if(strFromClient.startsWith("G")){ String msg = strFromClient.split("\\:")[1]; groupChat(msg,client); continue; } //私聊功能 if(strFromClient.startsWith("P")){ String userName = strFromClient.split("\\:")[1].split("-")[0]; String msg = strFromClient.split("\\:")[1].split("-")[1]; privateChat(userName,msg,client); continue; } //用户退出 if(strFromClient.startsWith("B")){ String userName = null; //根据Socket找到UserName for(String keyName : clientMap.keySet()){ if(clientMap.get(keyName).equals(client)){ userName = keyName; } } System.out.println("用户" + userName + "下线了。。。"); clientMap.remove(userName); System.out.println("当前共有用户" + clientMap.size() + "人"); continue; } else{ PrintStream out = new PrintStream(client.getOutputStream(),true,"UTF-8"); out.println("输入错误。。。"); } } } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private void registerUser(String name,Socket client){ System.out.println("用户:" + name + "已上线!"); clientMap.put(name,client); System.out.println("当前在线人数:" + clientMap.size() + "人!"); //既然是用户在注册,所以这里服务器通知用户注册结果 try { PrintStream out = new PrintStream(client.getOutputStream(),true,"UTF-8"); out.println("用户注册成功!"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private void groupChat(String msg,Socket client){ //取出clientMap中所有的Entry对象,遍历每个用户,并且发送消息 Set<Map.Entry<String,Socket>> clientSet = clientMap.entrySet(); for(Map.Entry<String,Socket> entry:clientSet){ try { Socket socket = entry.getValue(); //取得输出流,向客户端发送消息 PrintStream out = new PrintStream(socket.getOutputStream(),true,"UTF-8"); out.println("由端口号为"+ client.getPort() + "发来的群聊消息:" + msg); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } private void privateChat(String userName,String msg,Socket client){ Socket privateSocket = clientMap.get(userName); try { PrintStream out = new PrintStream(privateSocket.getOutputStream(),true,"UTF-8"); out.println("由端口号为:" + client.getPort() + "发来的消息:" + msg); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception{ //为了提高效率,这里使用多线程进行处理 ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(30); //实例化ServerSocket对象,并指定IP为本地主机,端口号为6666 ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(6666); for(int i = 0; i < 30;i++){ System.out.println("等待用户连接。。。"); //等待客户端连接服务器 Socket client = serverSocket.accept(); System.out.println("有客户端连接,端口号为:" + client.getPort()); //启动线程,并处理客户端请求 executorService.submit(new ExcuteClient(client)); } //关闭线程,关闭服务器 executorService.shutdown(); serverSocket.close(); } }
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客户端:
import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintStream; import java.net.Socket; import java.util.Scanner; /** * 接收服务端发来的消息 */ class FromServer implements Runnable{ Socket client; public FromServer(Socket client){ this.client = client; } @Override public void run() { try { Scanner in = new Scanner(client.getInputStream()); while (true) { if (in.hasNextLine()) { System.out.println("服务器:" + in.nextLine()); } //判断客户端是否退出,如果推出,跳出循环,并关闭流 if (client.isClosed()) { System.out.println("客户端关闭。。。"); break; } } in.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * 向服务端发出消息 */ class ToServer implements Runnable{ Socket client; public ToServer(Socket client){ this.client = client; } @Override public void run() { try { Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); PrintStream out = new PrintStream(client.getOutputStream(),true,"UTF-8"); while (true) { System.out.println("请输入信息:"); String strToserver; if(scanner.hasNextLine()){ strToserver = scanner.nextLine().trim(); out.println(strToserver); //客户端退出标志:B if(strToserver.startsWith("B")){ System.out.println("客户端退出。。。"); scanner.close(); out.close(); client.close(); break; } } } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } public class ManyThreadClient { public static void main(String[] args){ try { //实例化Socket对象,与服务器建立连接 Socket client = new Socket("127.0.0.1",6666); //为了发送消息和接收消息可以同时进行,使用多线程进行处理 Thread thread1 = new Thread(new FromServer(client)); Thread thread2 = new Thread(new ToServer(client)); thread1.start(); thread2.start(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
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