一、下载Sonar，和初始化，启动

打开浏览器，搜索sonarqube，进入官网，找到download按钮，下载安装包。浏览器下载慢的话，可以复制下载链接到迅雷里边下载。

下载之后，解压到任意目录。

解压后，如果是 windows 64位系统，进入windows-x86-64 目录，双击InstallNTService.bat，成功之后，双击StartSonar.bat 启动。

然后打开浏览器输入：http://192.168.2.100:9000/。可以看到一个界面。

使用 Sonar 检测代码质量-LMLPHP

二、配置和创建数据库

sonar需要java环境的支持，分析数据会保存到保存到数据库。支持mysql,oracle，PostgreSQL，SQLServer

所以，这里需要默认你已经配置好了Java开发环境，已经安装了mysql数据库。

打开 sonar 解压目录的，conf,可以看到sonar.properties 文件中有如下配置：

# User credentials.

# Permissions to create tables, indices and triggers must be granted to JDBC user.

# The schema must be created first.

sonar.jdbc.username=sonar

sonar.jdbc.password=sonar

#----- Embedded Database (default)

# H2 embedded database server listening port, defaults to 9092

#sonar.embeddedDatabase.port=9092

#----- MySQL 5.6 or greater

# Only InnoDB storage engine is supported (not myISAM).

# Only the bundled driver is supported. It can not be changed.

sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sonar?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&useConfigs=maxPerformance

#----- Oracle 11g/12c

# - Only thin client is supported

# - Only versions 11.2.x and 12.x of Oracle JDBC driver are supported

# - The JDBC driver must be copied into the directory extensions/jdbc-driver/oracle/

# - If you need to set the schema, please refer to http://jira.sonarsource.com/browse/SONAR-5000

#sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521/XE

上面红色加粗的东西本来是注释掉的，现在我给解开了。并增加了配置。这里的配置，说明的数据库信息，和连接的用户信息。

但是，咱们还没有这个用户，和这个数据库，所以需要执行如下命令来创建用户和数据库。：

#mysql -u root -p

mysql> CREATE DATABASE sonar CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

mysql> CREATE USER 'sonar' IDENTIFIED BY 'sonar';

mysql> GRANT ALL ON sonar.* TO 'sonar'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sonar';

mysql> GRANT ALL ON sonar.* TO 'sonar'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'sonar';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

数据库弄好之后，同时需要复制一个数据库驱动放到安装目录的：extensions\jdbc-driver\mysql 下面。比如我用的是：mysql-connector-java-6.0.3.jar

到这里工作完成一半了。如果要想运行分析，则还需要一个东西。根据官方的文档，有如下内容：

Qube 6.1
Documentation
Analyzing Source Code

Analyzing Source Code

Created by Anonymous on Dec 06, 2016

Table of Contents

Running Analysis
- SonarQube.com User?
Scope of Analysis: Types of Files and Data
- Unrecognized files
During Analysis
For More Information

Once the SonarQube platform has been installed, you're ready to install an analyzer and begin creating projects. A project is created in the platform automatically on its first analysis. However, if you need to set some configuration on your project before its first analysis, you have the option of provisioning it.

Running Analysis

First, you should install the plugin(s) for the language(s) of the project to be analyzed, either by a direct download or through the update center.

Then, you need to choose an analysis method. The following are available:

SonarQube Scanner: Launch analysis from the command line for any language
SonarQube Scanner for MSBuild : Launch analysis of .Net projects
SonarQube Scanner for Ant: Launch analysis from Ant
SonarQube Scanner for Maven: Launch analysis from Maven with minimal configuration
SonarQube Scanner for Gradle: Launch Gradle analysis
SonarQube Scanner For Jenkins: Launch analysis from Jenkins

Note that we do not recommend running an antivirus on the machine where a SonarQube analysis runs, it could result in unpredictable behavior.

SonarQube.com User?

也就是，我们需要下载一个SonarQube Scanner 才能运行代码分析。上面提供了6种，我选择了第一种。下载点这里

1.下载之后，解压到随意目录。假设目录是：D:\develop\sonarqube-6.2\sonar-scanner-2.8

2. 将目录D:\develop\sonarqube-6.2\sonar-scanner-2.8\bin 配置到环境变了path中。

3.打开D:\develop\sonarqube-6.2\sonar-scanner-2.8\conf 下的sonar-scanner.properties 文件，进行如下配置：

#Configure here general information about the environment, such as SonarQube DB details for example

#No information about specific project should appear here

#----- Default SonarQube server

sonar.host.url=http://localhost:9000

#----- Default source code encoding

#sonar.sourceEncoding=UTF-8

#----- Global database settings (not used for SonarQube 5.2+)

sonar.jdbc.username=sonar

sonar.jdbc.password=sonar

#----- PostgreSQL

#sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost/sonar

#----- MySQL

sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sonar?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8

#----- Oracle

#sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost/XE

#----- Microsoft SQLServer

#sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost/sonar;SelectMethod=Cursor

三、运行代码分析

假设上的步骤你都配合好了。并且，启动了SonarQube。

假设现在有项目myproject,进入到项目的根目录创建一个文件sonar-project.properties，文件内容如下：

# must be unique in a given SonarQube instance

sonar.projectKey=my:myproject    #key是唯一的

# this is the name and version displayed in the SonarQube UI. Was mandatory prior to SonarQube 6.1.

sonar.projectName=myproject   #项目名字

sonar.projectVersion=1.0

# Path is relative to the sonar-project.properties file. Replace "\" by "/" on Windows.

# Since SonarQube 4.2, this property is optional if sonar.modules is set.

# If not set, SonarQube starts looking for source code from the directory containing

# the sonar-project.properties file.

sonar.sources=.

# Encoding of the source code. Default is default system encoding

#sonar.sourceEncoding=UTF-8

进入CMD.进入到项目的目录，就是刚才包含sonar-project.properties文件的这个目录。

执行命令：sonar-scanner

然后就是等待执行结果，大概几分钟吧。成功之后，进入：http://192.168.2.100:9000/

可以看到项目分析的结果，当然了，可能需要等待一会儿才能看到，因为有处理时间，我在运行上面的命令之后，看到cmd窗口成功完成了。马上到这个页面看，发现还没有。

大概一分钟之后刷新，发现，有了！如下所示：

使用 Sonar 检测代码质量-LMLPHP

点这个进去看就知道了。里边有很详细的结果汇报。有问题的代码片段展示，并提示如何修改。还是挺好的。

错误记录：

当时分析了三四个项目，其中有一个失败了，其他都成功了，观看日志发现描述是这样的：

INFO: Analysis report generated in 9263ms, dir size=11 MB
INFO: Analysis reports compressed in 5699ms, zip size=4 MB
INFO: ------------------------------------------------------------------------
INFO: EXECUTION FAILURE
INFO: ------------------------------------------------------------------------
INFO: Total time: 6:28.455s
INFO: Final Memory: 29M/1274M
INFO: ------------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: Error during SonarQube Scanner execution
ERROR: Failed to upload report - 500: An error has occurred. Please contact your administrator
ERROR:
ERROR: Re-run SonarQube Scanner using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.

结果是“EXECUTION FAILURE” 失败了。

失败原因是啥呢？注意我加粗的文字。分析的报告大小是 11MB，压缩之后4MB。还是很大的。上传失败的原因是 MYSQL配置问题。

在mysql的终端窗口输入如下命令：

show VARIABLES like '%max_allowed_packet%';

　　可以看到max_allowed_packet的大小，用这个值 max_allowed_packet / 1024 /1024 = ? M

所以把这个设置大点就好了。在mysql的命令行窗口执行如下命令：

set global max_allowed_packet=6*1024*1024