oracle pdb创建directory报ORA-65254，报错分析和解决

oracle 19c在创建PDB过程中如果使用了带PATH_PREFIX的参数，意味着在创建DIRECTORY目录时需要指定相对路径，而不能指定其它绝对路径。

今天遇到了报错，路径及权限无误，却依然报错。

create or replace directory expdp as '/tmp';

create or replace directory expdp as '/tmp'

* ERROR at line 1:

ORA-65254: invalid path specified for the directory

经排查，在创建Pdb的时候，使用了PATH_PREFIX

CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE 库名 ADMIN USER meid1 IDENTIFIED BY "密码"
STORAGE (MAXSIZE UNLIMITED)
DEFAULT TABLESPACE orcl
DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/orcl/db19cpdb01.dbf' SIZE 100M AUTOEXTEND ON
PATH_PREFIX = '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/orcl/'
FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed', '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/orcl');

因为在创建PDB的语句中指定了PATH_PREFIX子句，所以PATH_PREFIX指定的路径将作为前缀添加到该PDB的所有本地目录对象中,只能指定基于PATH_PREFIX的相对路径。

正确的操作方式如下：

mkdir -p /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/orcl/expdp

sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> alter session set container=pdb;

SQL> create directory expdp as 'expdp';

SQL> grant read,write on directory expdp to expdp;