selenium--基础学习

from selenium import webdriver

from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException, NoSuchElementException

import time

# 声明浏览器对象

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

# 可用的浏览器对象：

# Firefox，Chrome，Ie，Edge，Opera，Safari，BlackBerry，PhantomJS，Android

# 访问页面

def foo1():

    driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")

    print(driver.page_source)

    # 查找元素

    try:

        p=driver.find_element_by_class_name("p")

    except NoSuchElementException as e:

        print(e)

    """

    # 单个元素

    find_element_by_id

    find_element_by_name

    find_element_by_xpath

    find_element_by_tag_name

    find_element_by_link_text

    find_element_by_class_name

    find_element_by_css_selector

    find_element_by_partial_link_text

    # 多个元素

    find_elements_by_id

    find_elements_by_name

    find_elements_by_xpath

    find_elements_by_tag_name

    find_elements_by_link_text

    find_elements_by_class_name

    find_elements_by_css_selector

    find_elements_by_partial_link_text

    """

    # 通用查找方式

    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

    driver.find_element(By.ID, "kw")

    """

    ID = "id"

    XPATH = "xpath"

    LINK_TEXT = "link text"

    PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT = "partial link text"

    NAME = "name"

    TAG_NAME = "tag name"

    CLASS_NAME = "class name"

    CSS_SELECTOR = "css selector"

    """

# 元素交互

def foo2():

    import time

    driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")

    input = driver.find_element_by_id("kw")

    input.send_keys("淘宝")

    time.sleep(2)

    input.clear()

    input.send_keys("京东")

    button = driver.find_element_by_id("su")

    time.sleep(2)

    button.click()

# 交互动作

# 将动作附加到动作链中串行执行

def foo3():

    driver.get("http://www.runoob.com/try/try.php?filename=jqueryui-api-droppable")

    # 切换到子frame

    driver.switch_to.frame("iframeResult")

    draggable = driver.find_element_by_id("draggable")

    droppable = driver.find_element_by_id("droppable")

    actions = webdriver.ActionChains(driver)

    actions.drag_and_drop(draggable, droppable)

    actions.perform()

    # 切换回父frame

    driver.switch_to.parent_frame()

# 执行javascript

def foo4():

    driver.execute_script('alert("hello")')

# 获取文本和属性

def foo5():

    driver.get("https://www.zhihu.com/topics")

    # 隐式等待

    driver.implicitly_wait(10)

    # 显示等待

    from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

    from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)

    logo = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "zh-top-link-logo")))

    print(logo.text)

    # 获取属性, id， 标签名， 位置， 大小

    print(logo.get_attribute("class"))

    print(logo.id)

    print(logo.location)

    print(logo.tag_name)

    print(logo.size)

# 前进后退

def foo6():

    import time

    driver.get("http://www.taobao.com")

    driver.get("http://www.jd.com")

    driver.get("http://www.qq.com")

    time.sleep(2)

    driver.back()

    time.sleep(2)

    driver.forward()

    time.sleep(3)

# cookie

def foo7():

    driver.get("https://www.zhihu.com/explore")

    print(driver.get_cookies())

    driver.add_cookie({"name": "mouday", "value": "mouday.com"})

    print(driver.get_cookies())

    driver.delete_all_cookies()

    print(driver.get_cookies())

# 选项卡管理

def foo8():

    driver.get("https://www.qq.com/")

    # 开启

    driver.execute_script("window.open()")

    print(driver.window_handles)

    # 切换

    driver.switch_to_window(driver.window_handles[1])

    driver.get("https://www.taobao.com/")

    time.sleep(2)

    # 切换

    driver.switch_to_window(driver.window_handles[0])

    driver.get("https://www.jd.com/")

    time.sleep(2)

# 异常处理

def foo9():

    try:

        driver.get("https://www.google.com")

    except TimeoutException as e:

        print(e.msg)

    try:

        p = driver.find_element_by_class_name("p")

    except NoSuchElementException as e:

        print(e)

# 关闭退出浏览器

driver.close()

driver.quit()

# 如果不退出浏览器，会报错：

# ImportError: sys.meta_path is None, Python is likely shutting down

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本文来自 彭世瑜 的CSDN 博客 ，全文地址请点击：https://blog.csdn.net/mouday/article/details/80148104?utm_source=copy