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C/C++通用Makefile

最近的项目又回到了Linux上运行，这就需要在Linux下编译项目，写Makefile针对习惯了Windows的程序员来说是一件痛苦的事，如果有一个通用的Makefile该多好啊，本着这样的目的，我再次研究了一下Makefile，写出了一个实用的通用Makefile，该Makefile在Windows以及Linux平台下作了一些简单测试，未发现问题，如果大家在使用过程中发现有问题可以联系我。话不多说，直接上代码：

###############################################################################

#

#  C/C++通用Makefile

#

#  作者：Witton Bell         E_Mail:[email protected]

#

#  版本V1.0 （2017/02/23）

#		初始版本，可以生成App，Share以及Static库等等

#  版本V1.1 （2017/02/28）

#		添加预预编译头的支持，将生成的中间文件放在debug或者release目录下

#  版本V1.2 （2017/03/12）

#		优化以及fixed:修改头文件后，不会编译

#

#  一个项目只需要在顶层目录配置一个Makefile，不需要各个目录单独配置，简单方便实用

#  原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/witton/article/details/56670748

#  最新文件下载地址：https://code.csdn.net/snippets/2259925

#

#  功能说明：

#  1.支持Windows以及Linux下的可执行文件(App)、动态库(Share)以及静态库(Static)的生成

#  2.支持生成Map文件，Bin文件以及十六进制文件

#  3.支持C/C++的预编译头，以加快编译速度，包括同时存在C与C++预编译头的情况

#  4.生成的中间以及目标代码会指定存放在debug或者release目录下

#  5.支持生成进度显示

#

###############################################################################

# 可以修改的区域

# 目标文件的名字（必须指定）

TARGETNAME := test

#目标类型可以是APP, STATIC或者SHARED

TARGETTYPE := APP

#配置类型可以是Debug或者Release

CONFIG ?= Debug

# C 预编译头文件，支持带路径

PCH_H =

# C++ 预编译头文件，支持带路径

PCH_X_H =

#源文件目录列表，可以填多个目录，如：src1 src2 ../src

#如果没填写则默认为当前目录

SRC_ROOT_DIRS :=

#排除的目录列表，需要带上相对路径

EXCLUDE_DIRS :=

#排除的文件列表，需要带上相对路径

EXCLUDE_FILES :=

#头文件所在目录列表

INCLUDE_DIRS :=

#库文件所在目录列表

LIBRARY_DIRS :=

#公共库文件名列表

LIBRARY_NAMES :=

#公共宏定义

PREPROCESSOR_MACROS :=

#各种编译链接参数

#汇编编译参数

ASFLAGS := -f win64

#ld链接参数

LDFLAGS := -Wl,-gc-sections

#公共编译参数，根据情况作修改

COMMONFLAGS := -g -ffunction-sections

#额外的库文件

EXTERNAL_LIBS :=

#工具集，Windows下最好是填写绝对路径，并且路径中需要使用/分隔

CC := g:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/gcc

CXX := g:/TDM-GCC-64/bin/g++

LD := $(CXX)

ASM := "G:/Program Files (x86)/nasm/nasm.exe"

AR := ar

OBJCOPY := objcopy

CP := cp

MKDIR = mkdir

RM = rm -rf

ECHO = echo

SHELL = /bin/sh

#根据配置类型填写不同的参数

ifeq ($(CONFIG), Debug)

	PREPROCESSOR_MACROS += DEBUG

	LIBRARY_NAMES +=

	ADDITIONAL_LINKER_INPUTS :=

	MACOS_FRAMEWORKS :=

	LINUX_PACKAGES :=

	CFLAGS := -O0

	CXXFLAGS := -O0

else

	PREPROCESSOR_MACROS +=

	LIBRARY_NAMES +=

	ADDITIONAL_LINKER_INPUTS :=

	MACOS_FRAMEWORKS :=

	LINUX_PACKAGES :=

	CFLAGS := -O3

	CXXFLAGS := -O3

endif

#需要编译的源文件的扩展名列表

SRC_EXTS := .c .cpp .cc .cxx .c++ .s .S .asm

#如果是在Linux下编译，需要打开此开关

#IS_LINUX_PROJECT := 1

#如果需要生成Map文件，需要打开此开关

#GENERATE_MAP_FILE := 1

#如果生成Bin文件，需要打开此开关

#GENERATE_BIN_FILE := 1

#如果生成十六进制文件，需要打开此开关

#GENERATE_IHEX_FILE := 1

#是否显示详细的命令行

#SHOW_CMD_DETAIL := 1

#可修改区域结束，以下区域不建议修改，除非特别了解其含义

#======================华丽的分割线=============================

#小写函数

to_lowercase = $(subst A,a,$(subst B,b,$(subst C,c,$(subst D,d,$(subst E,e,$(subst F,f,$(subst G,g,$(subst H,h,$(subst I,i,$(subst J,j,$(subst K,k,$(subst L,l,$(subst M,m,$(subst N,n,$(subst O,o,$(subst P,p,$(subst Q,q,$(subst R,r,$(subst S,s,$(subst T,t,$(subst U,u,$(subst V,v,$(subst W,w,$(subst X,x,$(subst Y,y,$(subst Z,z,$1))))))))))))))))))))))))))

BINARYDIR := $(call to_lowercase,$(CONFIG))

ifeq ($(BINARYDIR),)

error:

	$(error Invalid configuration, please check your inputs)

endif

#如果没配置源文件目录，则默认为当前目录

ifeq ($(SRC_ROOT_DIRS),)

	SRC_ROOT_DIRS = .

endif

define walk

$(wildcard $(addprefix $(1)/*, $(SRC_EXTS))) $(foreach e, $(wildcard $(1)/*), $(call walk, $(e)))

endef

#匹配所有源文件

SOURCEFILES := $(foreach e, $(SRC_ROOT_DIRS), $(call walk, $(e)))

#匹配所有需要排除的源文件

EXCLUDE_SOURCE := $(foreach e, $(EXCLUDE_DIRS), $(call walk, $(e)))

EXCLUDE_FILES += $(EXCLUDE_SOURCE)

EXTERNAL_LIBS_COPIED := $(foreach lib, $(EXTERNAL_LIBS),$(BINARYDIR)/$(notdir $(lib)))

#设置C预编译相关变量

ifneq ($(PCH_H),)

PCH = $(PCH_H).gch

PCH_FLAGS := -Winvalid-pch -include $(BINARYDIR)/$(PCH_H)

PCH_FILE := $(BINARYDIR)/$(PCH)

endif

#设置C++预编译相关变量

ifneq ($(PCH_X_H),)

PCH_X = $(PCH_X_H).gch

PCH_X_FLAGS := -Winvalid-pch -include $(BINARYDIR)/$(PCH_X_H)

PCH_X_FILE := $(BINARYDIR)/$(PCH_X)

endif

START_GROUP := -Wl,--start-group

END_GROUP := -Wl,--end-group

INCLUDE_DIRS += .

#处理头文件目录

CFLAGS += $(addprefix -I,$(INCLUDE_DIRS))

CXXFLAGS += $(addprefix -I,$(INCLUDE_DIRS))

#处理宏定义

CFLAGS += $(addprefix -D,$(PREPROCESSOR_MACROS))

CXXFLAGS += $(addprefix -D,$(PREPROCESSOR_MACROS))

ASFLAGS += $(addprefix -D,$(PREPROCESSOR_MACROS))

#处理框架

CFLAGS += $(addprefix -framework ,$(MACOS_FRAMEWORKS))

CXXFLAGS += $(addprefix -framework ,$(MACOS_FRAMEWORKS))

LDFLAGS += $(addprefix -framework ,$(MACOS_FRAMEWORKS))

#处理库目录

LDFLAGS += $(addprefix -L,$(LIBRARY_DIRS))

CFLAGS += $(COMMONFLAGS)

CXXFLAGS += $(COMMONFLAGS)

LDFLAGS += $(COMMONFLAGS)

ifeq ($(GENERATE_MAP_FILE),1)

LDFLAGS += -Wl,-Map=$(BINARYDIR)/$(basename $(TARGETNAME)).map

endif

LIBRARY_LDFLAGS = $(addprefix -l,$(LIBRARY_NAMES))

ifeq ($(IS_LINUX_PROJECT),1)

ifeq ($(TARGETTYPE),SHARED)

TempName = $(addsuffix .so,$(basename $(TARGETNAME)))

TARGETNAME := $(TempName)

endif

	RPATH_PREFIX := -Wl,--rpath='$$ORIGIN/../

	LIBRARY_LDFLAGS += $(EXTERNAL_LIBS)

	LIBRARY_LDFLAGS += -Wl,--rpath='$$ORIGIN'

	LIBRARY_LDFLAGS += $(addsuffix ',$(addprefix $(RPATH_PREFIX),$(dir $(EXTERNAL_LIBS))))

	#如果是Linux下的共享库（Share）项目，则需要添加-fPIC参数，以实现位置无关代码

	ifeq ($(TARGETTYPE),SHARED)

		CFLAGS += -fPIC

		CXXFLAGS += -fPIC

		ASFLAGS += -fPIC

		LIBRARY_LDFLAGS += -Wl,-soname,$(TARGETNAME)

	endif

	ifneq ($(LINUX_PACKAGES),)

		PACKAGE_CFLAGS := $(foreach pkg,$(LINUX_PACKAGES),$(shell pkg-config --cflags $(pkg)))

		PACKAGE_LDFLAGS := $(foreach pkg,$(LINUX_PACKAGES),$(shell pkg-config --libs $(pkg)))

		CFLAGS += $(PACKAGE_CFLAGS)

		CXXFLAGS += $(PACKAGE_CFLAGS)

		LIBRARY_LDFLAGS += $(PACKAGE_LDFLAGS)

	endif

else

	LIBRARY_LDFLAGS += $(EXTERNAL_LIBS)

ifeq ($(TARGETTYPE),APP)

TempName = $(addsuffix .exe,$(basename $(TARGETNAME)))

TARGETNAME := $(TempName)

endif

ifeq ($(TARGETTYPE),SHARED)

TempName = $(addsuffix .dll,$(basename $(TARGETNAME)))

TARGETNAME := $(TempName)

endif

endif

LIBRARY_LDFLAGS += $(ADDITIONAL_LINKER_INPUTS)

#静态库都是以.a为后缀

ifeq ($(TARGETTYPE),STATIC)

TempName = $(addsuffix .a,$(basename $(TARGETNAME)))

TARGETNAME := $(TempName)

endif

ifeq ($(STARTUPFILES),)

	all_source_files := $(SOURCEFILES)

else

	all_source_files := $(STARTUPFILES) $(filter-out $(STARTUPFILES),$(SOURCEFILES))

endif

define HandlePath

$(foreach x,$(foreach x,$(foreach x,$(subst //,/,$(1)),$(subst ../,*/,$(x))),$(subst ./,,$(x))),$(subst */,../,$(x)))

endef

AllSource := $(call HandlePath, $(all_source_files))

AllExcludeSource := $(call HandlePath, $(EXCLUDE_FILES))

Source := $(filter-out $(AllExcludeSource),$(AllSource))

CompileObjs := $(foreach x,$(SRC_EXTS),$(patsubst %$(x),%.o,$(filter %$(x),$(Source))))

all_objs := $(foreach x,$(CompileObjs),$(BINARYDIR)/$(x))

ASM_EXT := .s .S .asm

CompileCObjs := $(foreach x,$(filter-out $(ASM_EXT),$(SRC_EXTS)),$(patsubst %$(x),%.d,$(filter %$(x),$(Source))))

all_Cobjs := $(foreach x,$(CompileCObjs),$(BINARYDIR)/$(x))

DEPS := $(all_Cobjs:.o=.d)

revert0 = $(2) $(1)

define revert

$(foreach x,$(DEPS),$(eval TempStep = $(call revert0, $(TempStep),$(x)))) $(TempStep)

endef

AllStep := $(call revert,$(DEPS))

AllStep += $(CompileObjs)

WordNum := $(words $(AllStep))

ProgressInfo := $(foreach x,$(AllStep),$(eval Counter += A)$(addsuffix .$(words $(Counter)), $(basename $(x))))

define FindProgress

$(foreach x,$(ProgressInfo),$(if $(filter $(basename $(x)),$(1)),$(subst .,,$(suffix $(x))),))

endef

define ShowProgress

$(strip $(call FindProgress,$(basename $(1))))/$(WordNum)

endef

IS_GCC_ASM :=

ifneq ($(filter $(ASM),$(CXX)),)

IS_GCC_ASM = 1

else

ifneq ($(filter $(ASM),$(CC)),)

IS_GCC_ASM = 1

endif

endif

ifeq ($(IS_GCC_ASM),1)

CompileA 	:= $(ASM) $(CFLAGS) $(ASFLAGS) -c

else

CompileA 	:= $(ASM) $(ASFLAGS)

endif

CompileC 	:= $(CC) $(PCH_FLAGS) $(CFLAGS) -c

CompileCXX	:= $(CXX) $(PCH_X_FLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) -c

ifneq ($(SHOW_CMD_DETAIL),)

define CompileSrc

	@$(MKDIR) -p $(BINARYDIR)/$(subst ../,__/, $(dir $(1)))

	@$(ECHO) -n [$(call ShowProgress,$(2))]

	$(3) $(2) -o $(subst ../,__/, $(1))

endef

else

define CompileSrc

	@$(MKDIR) -p $(BINARYDIR)/$(subst ../,__/, $(dir $(1)))

	@$(ECHO) [$(call ShowProgress,$(2))] Compile $(2)

	@$(3) $(2) -o $(subst ../,__/, $(1))

endef

endif

define CompileCDep

	@$(MKDIR) -p $(subst ../,__/, $(dir $(1)))

	@$(ECHO) [$(call ShowProgress,$(BINARYDIR)/$(2))] Generate $(1)

	@$(CC) -MM $(CFLAGS) $(2) > $(BINARYDIR)/temp

	@$(ECHO) -n $(subst ./,, $(dir $(1))) > $(1)

	@$(CC) -MM $(CFLAGS) $(2) >> $(1)

endef

define CompileCXXDep

	@$(MKDIR) -p $(subst ../,__/, $(dir $(1)))

	@$(ECHO) [$(call ShowProgress,$(BINARYDIR)/$(2))] Generate $(1)

	@$(CXX) -MM $(CXXFLAGS) $(2) > $(BINARYDIR)/temp

	@$(ECHO) -n $(subst ./,, $(dir $(1))) > $(1)

	@$(CXX) -MM $(CXXFLAGS) $(2) >> $(1)

endef

PRIMARY_OUTPUTS :=

ifeq ($(GENERATE_BIN_FILE),1)

PRIMARY_OUTPUTS += $(BINARYDIR)/$(basename $(TARGETNAME)).bin

endif

ifeq ($(GENERATE_IHEX_FILE),1)

PRIMARY_OUTPUTS += $(BINARYDIR)/$(basename $(TARGETNAME)).ihex

endif

ifeq ($(PRIMARY_OUTPUTS),)

PRIMARY_OUTPUTS := $(BINARYDIR)/$(TARGETNAME)

endif

.PHONY: all clean

.SUFFIXES:

all: $(PRIMARY_OUTPUTS)

	@$(RM) $(BINARYDIR)/temp

	@$(ECHO) Built OK.

$(BINARYDIR)/$(basename $(TARGETNAME)).bin: $(BINARYDIR)/$(TARGETNAME)

	@$(OBJCOPY) -O binary $< $(subst ../,__/, $@)

$(BINARYDIR)/$(basename $(TARGETNAME)).ihex: $(BINARYDIR)/$(TARGETNAME)

	@$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex $< $(subst ../,__/, $@)

ifeq ($(TARGETTYPE),APP)

$(BINARYDIR)/$(TARGETNAME): $(all_objs) $(EXTERNAL_LIBS)

	@$(ECHO) Link App $(subst ../,__/, $@)

	@$(LD) -o $(subst ../,__/, $@) $(LDFLAGS) $(START_GROUP) $(subst ../,__/, $(all_objs)) $(LIBRARY_LDFLAGS) $(END_GROUP)

endif

ifeq ($(TARGETTYPE),SHARED)

$(BINARYDIR)/$(TARGETNAME): $(all_objs) $(EXTERNAL_LIBS)

	@$(ECHO) Link Share lib $(subst ../,__/, $@)

	@$(LD) -shared -o $(subst ../,__/, $@) $(LDFLAGS) $(START_GROUP) $(subst ../,__/, $(all_objs)) $(LIBRARY_LDFLAGS) $(END_GROUP)

endif

ifeq ($(TARGETTYPE),STATIC)

$(BINARYDIR)/$(TARGETNAME): $(all_objs)

	@$(ECHO) Link Static lib $(subst ../,__/, $@)

	@$(AR) -r $(subst ../,__/, $@) $(subst ../,__/, $^)

endif

clean:

	@$(RM) $(BINARYDIR)

$(BINARYDIR):

	@$(MKDIR) $(BINARYDIR)

#Makefile的生成规则

#生成依赖文件

$(BINARYDIR)/%.d : %.c

	$(call CompileCDep,$@,$<)

$(BINARYDIR)/%.d : %.cpp

	$(call CompileCXXDep,$@,$<)

$(BINARYDIR)/%.d : %.cxx

	$(call CompileCXXDep,$@,$<)

$(BINARYDIR)/%.d : %.cc

	$(call CompileCXXDep,$@,$<)

$(BINARYDIR)/%.d : %.c++

	$(call CompileCXXDep,$@,$<)

#C文件的生成规则

$(BINARYDIR)/%.o : %.c $(PCH_FILE)

	$(call CompileSrc,$@,$<,$(CompileC))

#C++的.cpp文件的生成规则

$(BINARYDIR)/%.o : %.cpp $(PCH_X_FILE)

	$(call CompileSrc,$@,$<,$(CompileCXX))

#C++的.cc文件的生成规则

$(BINARYDIR)/%.o : %.cc $(PCH_X_FILE)

	$(call CompileSrc,$@,$<,$(CompileCXX))

#C++的.cxx文件的生成规则

$(BINARYDIR)/%.o : %.cxx $(PCH_X_FILE)

	$(call CompileSrc,$@,$<,$(CompileCXX))

#C++的.c++文件的生成规则

$(BINARYDIR)/%.o : %.c++ $(PCH_X_FILE)

	$(call CompileSrc,$@,$<,$(CompileCXX))

#Asm的.S文件生成规则

$(BINARYDIR)/%.o : %.S

	$(call CompileSrc,$@,$<,$(CompileA))

#Asm的.s文件生成规则

$(BINARYDIR)/%.o : %.s

	$(call CompileSrc,$@,$<,$(CompileA))

#Asm的.asm文件生成规则

$(BINARYDIR)/%.o : %.asm

	$(call CompileSrc,$@,$<,$(CompileA))

ifneq ($(PCH_H),)

#C预编译头文件的生成规则

$(BINARYDIR)/$(PCH) : $(PCH_H)

	@$(MKDIR) -p $(subst ../,__/, $(dir $@))

	@$(ECHO) Precompiled C header $<

	@$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $> $^ -o $(subst ../,__/, $@)

	@$(CP) $(PCH_H) $(BINARYDIR)/$(PCH_H)

endif

ifneq ($(PCH_X_H),)

#C++预编译头文件的生成规则

$(BINARYDIR)/$(PCH_X) : $(PCH_X_H)

	@$(MKDIR) -p $(subst ../,__/, $(dir $@))

	@$(ECHO) Precompiled C++ header $<

	@$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $> $^ -o $(subst ../,__/, $@)

	@$(CP) $(PCH_X_H) $(BINARYDIR)/$(PCH_X_H)

endif

ifndef NODEP

ifneq ($(DEPS),)

sinclude $(DEPS)

endif

endif

#生成规则结束

最终的运行结果如下图所示：


C/C++通用Makefile-LMLPHP

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05-11 22:15
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