像RabbitMQ这样的消息代理可用来模拟不同的场景,例如点对点的消息分发或者订阅/推送。我们的程序足够简单,有两个基本的组件,一个生产者用于产生消息,还有一个消费者用来使用产生的消息。 在这个例子里,生产者会产生大量的消息,每个消息带有一个序列号,另一个线程中的消费者会使用这些消息。 抽象类EndPoint: 我们首先写一个类,将产生产者和消费者统一为 EndPoint类型的队列。不管是生产者还是消费者, 连接队列的代码都是一样的,这样可以通用一些。 package co.syntx.examples.rabbitmq;
import java.io.IOException;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
/**
* Represents a connection with a queue
* @author syntx
*
*/
public abstract class EndPoint{
protected Channel channel;
protected Connection connection;
protected String endPointName;
public EndPoint(String endpointName) throws IOException{
this.endPointName = endpointName;
//Create a connection factory
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
//hostname of your rabbitmq server
factory.setHost("localhost");
//getting a connection
connection = factory.newConnection();
//creating a channel
channel = connection.createChannel();
//declaring a queue for this channel. If queue does not exist,
//it will be created on the server.
channel.queueDeclare(endpointName, false, false, false, null);
}
/**
* 关闭channel和connection。并非必须,因为隐含是自动调用的。
* @throws IOException
*/
public void close() throws IOException{
this.channel.close();
this.connection.close();
}
} 生产者: 生产者类的任务是向队列里写一条消息。我们使用Apache Commons Lang把可序列化的Java对象转换成 byte 数组。commons lang的maven依赖如下: <dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency> package co.syntx.examples.rabbitmq;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.apache.commons.lang.SerializationUtils;
/**
* The producer endpoint that writes to the queue.
* @author syntx
*
*/
public class Producer extends EndPoint{
public Producer(String endPointName) throws IOException{
super(endPointName);
}
public void sendMessage(Serializable object) throws IOException {
channel.basicPublish("",endPointName, null, SerializationUtils.serialize(object));
}
} 消费者: 消费者可以以线程方式运行,对于不同的事件有不同的回调函数,其中最主要的是处理新消息到来的事件。 package co.syntx.examples.rabbitmq;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.lang.SerializationUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ShutdownSignalException;
/**
* 读取队列的程序端,实现了Runnable接口。
* @author syntx
*
*/
public class QueueConsumer extends EndPoint implements Runnable, Consumer{
public QueueConsumer(String endPointName) throws IOException{
super(endPointName);
}
public void run() {
try {
//start consuming messages. Auto acknowledge messages.
channel.basicConsume(endPointName, true,this);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* Called when consumer is registered.
*/
public void handleConsumeOk(String consumerTag) {
System.out.println("Consumer "+consumerTag +" registered");
}
/**
* Called when new message is available.
*/
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope env,
BasicProperties props, byte[] body) throws IOException {
Map map = (HashMap)SerializationUtils.deserialize(body);
System.out.println("Message Number "+ map.get("message number") + " received.");
}
public void handleCancel(String consumerTag) {}
public void handleCancelOk(String consumerTag) {}
public void handleRecoverOk(String consumerTag) {}
public void handleShutdownSignal(String consumerTag, ShutdownSignalException arg1) {}
}
Test package co.syntx.examples.rabbitmq;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.HashMap;
public class Main {
public Main() throws Exception{
QueueConsumer consumer = new QueueConsumer("queue");
Thread consumerThread = new Thread(consumer);
consumerThread.start();
Producer producer = new Producer("queue");
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
HashMap message = new HashMap();
message.put("message number", i);
producer.sendMessage(message);
System.out.println("Message Number "+ i +" sent.");
}
}
/**
* @param args
* @throws SQLException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
new Main();
}
} |