如何使用 Spring Boot 和 Spring Security 保护 REST API?

问题描述

我知道保护 REST API 是广泛评论的话题，但我无法创建满足我的标准的小型原型(我需要确认这些标准是现实的).如何保护资源以及如何使用 Spring 安全性有很多选择，我需要澄清我的需求是否切合实际.

我的要求

• 基于令牌的身份验证器 - 用户将提供其凭据并获得唯一且有时间限制的访问令牌.我想在自己的实现中管理令牌创建、检查有效性、到期时间.
• 某些 REST 资源将是公开的 - 根本不需要进行身份验证，
• 只有拥有管理员权限的用户才能访问某些资源，
• 其他资源在所有用户授权后均可访问.
• 我不想使用基本身份验证
• Java 代码配置(非 XML)

当前状态

我的 REST API 运行良好，但现在我需要保护它.当我在寻找解决方案时，我创建了一个 javax.servlet.Filter 过滤器:

 @Overridepublic void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) 抛出 IOException, ServletException {HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;String accessToken = request.getHeader(AUTHORIZATION_TOKEN);账户 account = accountDao.find(accessToken);如果(帐户 == 空){抛出新的 UnauthorizedException();}chain.doFilter(req, res);}

但是这个带有 javax.servlet.filters 的解决方案不能按我的需要工作，因为使用 Spring servlet 通过 @ControllerAdvice 进行异常处理存在问题调度员.

我需要什么

我想知道这些标准是否现实并获得任何帮助，如何开始使用 Spring Security 保护 REST API.我阅读了很多教程(例如 Spring Data REST + Spring Security) 但都在非常基本的配置中工作 - 用户在配置中他们的凭据存储在内存中，我需要使用 DBMS 并创建自己的身份验证器.

请给我一些如何开始的想法.

解决方案

实际上，对令牌身份验证使用过滤器 - 在这种情况下最好的方法

最终，您可以通过 Spring Data 创建 CRUD 来管理 Token 的属性，例如过期等.

这是我的令牌过滤器:http://pastebin.com/13WWpLq2

和令牌服务实现

http://pastebin.com/dUYM555E

某些 REST 资源将是公开的 - 根本不需要进行身份验证

这不是问题，您可以像这样通过 Spring 安全配置管理您的资源:.antMatchers("/rest/blabla/**").permitAll()

某些资源只有拥有管理员权限的用户才能访问，

看看 @Secured 对类的注解.示例:

@Controller@RequestMapping(value = "/adminservice")@Secured("ROLE_ADMIN")公共类 AdminServiceController {

其他资源在所有用户授权后即可访问.

回到Spring Security配置，你可以像这样配置你的url:

 http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/openforall/**").permitAll().antMatchers("/alsoopen/**").permitAll().anyRequest().authenticated()

我不想使用基本身份验证

是的，通过令牌过滤器，您的用户将通过身份验证.

Java 代码配置(非 XML)

回到上面的话，看@EnableWebSecurity.您的课程将是:

@Configuration@启用网络安全公共类 SecurityConfig 扩展了 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {}

您必须覆盖 configure 方法.下面的代码，只是举例，如何配置匹配器.它来自另一个项目.

 @Overrideprotected void configure(HttpSecurity http) 抛出异常 {http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/assets/**").permitAll().anyRequest().authenticated().和().formLogin().usernameParameter("j_username").passwordParameter("j_password").loginPage("/登录").defaultSuccessUrl("/", true).successHandler(customAuthenticationSuccessHandler).permitAll().和().登出().logoutUrl("/注销").invalidateHttpSession(true).logoutSuccessUrl("/").deleteCookies("JSESSIONID").logoutRequestMatcher(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/logout")).和().csrf();}

I know that securing REST API is widely commented topic but I'm not able to create a small prototype that meets my criteria (and I need to confirm that these criteria are realistic). There are so many options how to secure resources and how work with Spring security, I need to clarify if my needs are realistic.

My requirements

• Token based authenticator - users will provide its credentials and get unique and time limited access token. I would like to manage token creation, checking validity, expiration in my own implementation.
• Some REST resources will be public - no need to authenticate at all,
• Some resources will be accessible only for users with administrator rights,
• Other resource will be accessible after authorization for all users.
• I don't want to use Basic authentication
• Java code configuration (not XML)

Current status

My REST API works very well, but now I need to secure it. When I was looking for a solution I created a javax.servlet.Filter filter:

  @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;

        String accessToken = request.getHeader(AUTHORIZATION_TOKEN);
        Account account = accountDao.find(accessToken);

        if (account == null) {    
            throw new UnauthorizedException();    
        }

        chain.doFilter(req, res);

    }

But this solution with javax.servlet.filters doesn't work as I need because there is an issue with exception handling via @ControllerAdvice with Spring servlet dispatcher.

What I need

I would like to know if these criteria are realistic and get any help, how to start securing REST API with Spring Security. I read many tutorials (e.g. Spring Data REST + Spring Security) but all work in very basic configuration - users with their credentials are stored in memory in configuration and I need to work with DBMS and create own authenticator.

Please give me some ideas how to start.

解决方案

Actually, use Filter for token Auth - best way in this case

Eventually, you can create CRUD via Spring Data for managing Token's properties like to expire, etc.

Here is my token filter:http://pastebin.com/13WWpLq2

And Token Service Implementation

http://pastebin.com/dUYM555E

It's not a problem, you can manage your resources via Spring security config like this: .antMatchers("/rest/blabla/**").permitAll()

Take a look at @Secured annotation to class. Example:

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/adminservice")
@Secured("ROLE_ADMIN")
public class AdminServiceController {

Back to Spring Security configure, you can configure your url like this:

    http
            .authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/openforall/**").permitAll()
            .antMatchers("/alsoopen/**").permitAll()
            .anyRequest().authenticated()

Yep, via token filter, your users will be authenticated.

Back to the words above, look at @EnableWebSecurity.Your class will be:

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {}

You have to override the configure method. Code below, just for example, how to configure matchers. It's from another project.

    @Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
    http
            .authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/assets/**").permitAll()
            .anyRequest().authenticated()
            .and()
            .formLogin()
                .usernameParameter("j_username")
                .passwordParameter("j_password")
                .loginPage("/login")
                .defaultSuccessUrl("/", true)
                .successHandler(customAuthenticationSuccessHandler)
                .permitAll()
            .and()
                .logout()
                .logoutUrl("/logout")
                .invalidateHttpSession(true)
                .logoutSuccessUrl("/")
                .deleteCookies("JSESSIONID")
                .logoutRequestMatcher(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/logout"))
            .and()
                .csrf();
}

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