通过参考其他牛人的文章和代码, 再根据自己的理解总结得出, 说明已经加在注释中, FYI
主要参考文章: http://blog.csdn.net/dk_zhe/article/details/37820965
http://www.cnblogs.com/coser/archive/2012/01/06/2315216.html
https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/select.html?highlight=select#module-select
http://www.cnblogs.com/devinzhang/archive/2012/01/13/2321826.html
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23146151-id-3084687.html
server.py 和 client.py
#coding=utf-8
# 通过socket建立网络连接的步骤:
# 至少需要2个套接字, server和client
# 需要建立socket之间的连接, 通过连接来进行收发data
# client 和 server连接的过程:
# 1. 建立server的套接字,绑定主机和端口,并监听client的连接请求
# 2. client套接字根据server的地址发出连接请求, 连接到server的socket上; client socket需要提供自己的 socket fd,以便server socket回应
# 3. 当server监听到client连接请求时, 响应请求, 建立一个新的线程, 把server fd 发送给client
# 而后, server继续监听其他client请求, 而client和server通过socket连接互发data通信
import socket,select,thread host = socket.gethostname()
port = 5963
server_addr = (host,port) # waitable的read list, 表示异步通信中可读socket对象的列表
inputs = []
# 连接进入server的client的名称
fd_name = {} # 创建并初始化server socket
def serverInit():
ss = socket.socket() # 创建server socket
ss.bind(server_addr) # 绑定到server addr
ss.listen(10) # 监听端口号, 设置最大监听数10
return ss # 返回初始化后的server socket # 创建一个新的socket连接
def newConnection(ss):
client_conn,client_addr = ss.accept() # 响应一个client的连接请求, 建立一个连接,可以用来传输数据
try:
# 向client端发送欢迎信息
client_conn.send("welcome to chatroom,pls set up your nick name!")
client_name = client_conn.recv(1024) #接收client发来的昵称,最大接收字符为1024
inputs.append(client_conn)
fd_name[client_conn] = client_name # 将连接/连接名 加入键值对
client_conn.send("current members in chatroom are: %s" % fd_name.values())
# 向所有连接发送新成员加入信息
for other in fd_name.keys():
if other != client_conn and other != ss:
other.send(fd_name[client_conn]+" joined the chatroom!")
except Exception as e:
print e def closeConnection():
pass def run():
ss = serverInit()
inputs.append(ss)
print "server is running..."
while True:
# rlist,wlist,elist = select.select(inputs, [], inputs,100) # 如果只是服务器开启,100s之内没有client连接,则也会超时关闭
rlist,wlist,elist = select.select(inputs, [], [])
# 当没有可读fd时, 表示server错误,退出服务器
if not rlist:
print "timeout..."
ss.close() # 关闭 server socket
break
for r in rlist:
if r is ss: # server socket, 表示有新的client连接请求
newConnection(ss)
else: # 表示一个client连接上有数据到达服务器
disconnect = False
try:
data = r.recv(1024) #接收data
data = fd_name[r] + " : "+ data # 确定客户端昵称
except socket.error:
data = fd_name[r] + " leaved the room"
disconnect = True
else:
pass
if disconnect:
inputs.remove(r)
print data
for other in inputs:
if other != ss and other != r: #不发生到服务器和已经断开的连接
try:
other.send(data)
except Exception as e:
print e
else:
pass
# 除名
del fd_name[r]
else:
print data # 在服务器显示client发送的数据
# 向其他成员(连接)发送相同的信息
for other in inputs:
if other != ss and other != r:
try:
other.send(data)
except Exception as e:
print e
if __name__ == "__main__":
run()
#coding=utf-8
# 由于实验都在本机上运行, 所以server addr == client addr
import socket,select,threading,sys
host = socket.gethostname()
client_addr = (host,5963) # equals server_addr() # 倾听其他成员谈话
def listening(cs):
inputs = [cs]
while True:
rlist,wlist,elist = select.select(inputs, [], [])
# client socket就是用来收发数据的, 由于只有这个waitable 对象, 所以不必迭代
if cs in rlist:
try:
# 打印从服务器收到的数据
print cs.recv(1024)
except socket.error:
print "socket is error"
exit() # 发言
def speak(cs):
while True:
try:
data = raw_input()
except Exception as e:
print r"can't input"
exit()
# if data == "exit":
# cs.close()
# break
try:
cs.send(data)
except Exception as e:
exit() def main():
# client socket
cs = socket.socket()
cs.connect(client_addr)
# 分别启动听和说线程
t = threading.Thread(target=listening,args=(cs,)) # 注意当元组中只有一个元素的时候需要这样写, 否则会被认为是其原来的类型
t.start() t1 = threading.Thread(target=speak,args=(cs,))
t1.start() if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
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