原文:https://blog.mariojd.cn/how-to-design-spring-boot-api-version-number-elegantly.html

  一般来说,系统上线以后,需求仍会发生变动,功能也会迭代更新。可能是接口参数发生变更,也有可能是业务逻辑需要调整,如果直接在原来的接口上进行修改,必然会影响原有服务的正常运行。

   常见的解决方案,是在接口路径中加入版本号用于区分,此外还可以在参数甚至 header 里带上版本号。这里以在请求路径中带上版本号为例,如:http://IP:PORT/api/v1/test ,v1 即代表的是版本号。当然了,可以像这样,直接写死在 @RequestMapping("api/v1/test") 属性中,不过下面提供了更为优雅的解决方案。

1. 自定义版本号标记注解:

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface ApiVersion { /**
* 标识版本号,从1开始
*/
int value() default 1; }

2. 重写相应的 RequestCondition

@Data
@Slf4j
public class ApiVersionCondition implements RequestCondition<ApiVersionCondition> { /**
* 接口路径中的版本号前缀,如: api/v[1-n]/test
*/
private final static Pattern VERSION_PREFIX_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("/v(\\d+)/"); private int apiVersion; ApiVersionCondition(int apiVersion) {
this.apiVersion = apiVersion;
} /**
* 最近优先原则,方法定义的 @ApiVersion > 类定义的 @ApiVersion
*/
@Override
public ApiVersionCondition combine(ApiVersionCondition other) {
return new ApiVersionCondition(other.getApiVersion());
} /**
* 获得符合匹配条件的ApiVersionCondition
*/
@Override
public ApiVersionCondition getMatchingCondition(HttpServletRequest request) {
Matcher m = VERSION_PREFIX_PATTERN.matcher(request.getRequestURI());
if (m.find()) {
int version = Integer.valueOf(m.group(1));
if (version >= getApiVersion()) {
return this;
}
}
return null;
} /**
* 当出现多个符合匹配条件的ApiVersionCondition,优先匹配版本号较大的
*/
@Override
public int compareTo(ApiVersionCondition other, HttpServletRequest request) {
return other.getApiVersion() - getApiVersion();
} }

3. 重写部分 RequestMappingHandlerMapping 的方法

public class CustomRequestMappingHandlerMapping extends RequestMappingHandlerMapping {

    @Override
protected RequestCondition<?> getCustomTypeCondition(Class<?> handlerType) {
// 扫描类上的 @ApiVersion
ApiVersion apiVersion = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(handlerType, ApiVersion.class);
return createRequestCondition(apiVersion);
} @Override
protected RequestCondition<?> getCustomMethodCondition(Method method) {
// 扫描方法上的 @ApiVersion
ApiVersion apiVersion = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(method, ApiVersion.class);
return createRequestCondition(apiVersion);
} private RequestCondition<ApiVersionCondition> createRequestCondition(ApiVersion apiVersion) {
if (Objects.isNull(apiVersion)) {
return null;
}
int value = apiVersion.value();
Assert.isTrue(value >= 1, "Api Version Must be greater than or equal to 1");
return new ApiVersionCondition(value);
} }

4. 配置注册自定义的 CustomRequestMappingHandlerMapping

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport { @Override
public RequestMappingHandlerMapping requestMappingHandlerMapping() {
return new CustomRequestMappingHandlerMapping();
} }

5. 编写接口,标记上相应的 @ApiVersion

@Slf4j
@ApiVersion
@RestController
@RequestMapping("api/{version}/test")
public class TestController { @GetMapping
public String test01(@PathVariable String version) {
return "test01 : " + version;
} @GetMapping
@ApiVersion(2)
public String test02(@PathVariable String version) {
return "test02 : " + version;
} }

6. 启动 Application,测试及查看结果

如何优雅的设计 Spring Boot API 接口版本号-LMLPHP

05-17 12:38