NameError（未初始化的常量Unzipper :: Zip），但只在Heroku部署（Rails）

问题描述

我有一个使用Rubyzip解压缩文件的类 unzipper.rb 。

在我的本地环境中，我可以使用 require'zip'

在不显示包括依赖项的情况下成功解压缩文件。一个 NameError（未初始化的常量Unzipper :: Zip），我只能通过使用 require

问题：为什么在Heroku环境中这样做是必要的，但在本地主机上不行？

app / services / unzipper.rb

 需要'zip'＃只有Heroku需要。无本地工作！ 
 
类解压缩
 
 OVERRIDE_FILES =真
 
 def初始化（文件）
 @file =文件
结束
 
 def self.unzip（文件和块）
 Unzipper.new（文件）.unzip（和块）
结尾
 
 def解压缩
 open_zip do | zip | 
产量extract_files（zip）
结束
结束
 
私人
 
 def open_zip（& block）
 :: Zip :: File.open（@ file.path，&block）
 end 
 
 def extract_files（zip）
 files = [] 
 zip.each do |进入| 
 path =＃{rails_temp_directory} /＃{entry.name}
 entry.extract（path）{OVERRIDE_FILES} 
 files<<路径
结束
文件
结束
 
 def rails_temp_directory 
＃{Rails.root} / tmp
结束
结束
  

运行bundler时的Heroku输出包括：

  remote：使用rubyzip 1.1.7 
  

使用相同版本的Ruby。

没有用于Rubyzip的初始化程序或环境配置。

Gemfile

  source'https://rubygems.org'
 
 gem'rails '，'4.2.0'
 
 gem'pg'，group：：production 
 
 gem'sass-rails'，'〜> 5.0'
 gem'uglifier'，'> = 1.3.0'
 gem'coffee-rails'，'〜> 4.1.0'
 gem'jquery-rails'
 gem'turbolinks'
 gem'jbuilder'，'〜> 2.0'
 gem'sdoc'，'〜> 0.4.0'，组：：doc 
 
 gem'slim-rails'
 
 gem'paperclip'
 gem'rest-client'
 
 gem'bootstrap-sass'，'〜> 3.3.3'
 
 gem'validates_serialized'
 
 gem'puma'
 
 gemnokogiri
 gemcocoon
 gem'sidekiq'
 gem'sinatra'，：require => nil＃对于sidekiq网页监控
 gem'aws-sdk'，'< 2.0'
 gem'rails_12factor'，group：：production 
 gem'rubyzip'
 
 group：development，：test do 
 gem'byebug'
 
 gem'web-console'，'〜> 2.0'
 
 gem'spring'
 
 gem'sqlite3'
 
 gem'shoulda-matchers'
 gem'rspec-rails' 
 gem'factory_girl_rails'
 gem'capybara'
 gem'selenium-webdriver'
 gem'database_cleaner'
 gem'guard-rspec'
 gem' faker'
 end 
 
 group：test do 
 gem'webmock'
 end 
 
 ruby​​'2.2.0'
  

解决方案

Rubyzip的主文件名与其宝石名称不同，在Gemfile中显式指定它：

  gem'rubyzip'，要求：'zip'
  

I have a class unzipper.rb that unzips a file using Rubyzip.

In my local environment, I can succesfully unzip a file without explictly including the dependency using require 'zip'

On Heroku though, I get an NameError (uninitialized constant Unzipper::Zip) which I could only resolve by using the explict require

Question: Why would this be necessary in the Heroku environment, but not on localhost? I was under the impression that Rails required all gems automatically.

app/services/unzipper.rb

require 'zip'  # Only required for Heroku. Works locally without!

class Unzipper

  OVERRIDE_FILES = true

  def initialize(file)
    @file = file
  end

  def self.unzip(file, &block)
    Unzipper.new(file).unzip(&block)
  end

  def unzip
    open_zip do |zip|
      yield extract_files(zip)
    end
  end

  private

  def open_zip(&block)
    ::Zip::File.open(@file.path, &block)
  end

  def extract_files(zip)
    files = []
    zip.each do |entry|
      path = "#{rails_temp_directory}/#{entry.name}"
      entry.extract(path) { OVERRIDE_FILES }
      files << path
    end
    files
  end

  def rails_temp_directory
    "#{Rails.root}/tmp"
  end
end

Heroku output when running bundler includes:

remote:        Using rubyzip 1.1.7

I verified both are using the same version of Ruby.

There is no initializer or environment config for Rubyzip.

Gemfile

source 'https://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '4.2.0'

gem 'pg', group: :production

gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.1.0'
gem 'jquery-rails'
gem 'turbolinks'
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.0'
gem 'sdoc', '~> 0.4.0', group: :doc

gem 'slim-rails'

gem 'paperclip'
gem 'rest-client'

gem 'bootstrap-sass', '~> 3.3.3'

gem 'validates_serialized'

gem 'puma'

gem "nokogiri"
gem "cocoon"
gem 'sidekiq'
gem 'sinatra', :require => nil # For sidekiq web monitoring
gem 'aws-sdk', '< 2.0'
gem 'rails_12factor', group: :production
gem 'rubyzip'

group :development, :test do
  gem 'byebug'

  gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0'

  gem 'spring'

  gem 'sqlite3'

  gem 'shoulda-matchers'
  gem 'rspec-rails'
  gem 'factory_girl_rails'
  gem 'capybara'
  gem 'selenium-webdriver'
  gem 'database_cleaner'
  gem 'guard-rspec'
  gem 'faker'
end

group :test do 
  gem 'webmock'
end

ruby '2.2.0'

解决方案

Rubyzip's main file name is different than its gem name, so you might have to specify it explicitly in the Gemfile:

gem 'rubyzip', require: 'zip'

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