我如何使用ElementTree在xml文件中搜索具有特定值的特定“父”标签的标签？ （蟒蛇）

本文介绍了我如何使用ElementTree在xml文件中搜索具有特定值的特定“父”标签的标签？ （蟒蛇）的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！ 问题描述 我刚刚开始学习Python，必须编写一个解析xml文件的程序。我必须在2个不同的文件中找到一个称为OrganisationReference的标签并将其返回。实际上，有多个使用此名称的Tag，但只有一个，我要返回的Tag，具有带有值为DEALER的Tag OrganisationType作为父Tag的Tag（不确定该术语是否正确）。我试图为此使用ElementTree。下面是代码： 将xml.etree.ElementTree导入为ET tree1 = ET.parse （'Master1.xml'） root1 = tree1.getroot（） tree2 = ET.parse（'Master2.xml'） root2 = tree2.getroot（） 用于root1.findall（ ./ Organisation / OrganisationId / [@ OrganisationType ='DEALER'] / OrganisationReference）中的OrganisationReference ：) print（OrganisationReference.attrib） $ b rootb.findall（ ./ Organisation / OrganisationId / [@ OrganisationType ='DEALER'] / OrganisationReference）中的OrganisationReference的$ b： print（OrganisationReference.attrib） 但这不会返回任何内容（也没有错误）。有人可以帮我吗？ 我的文件如下： < MessageOrganisationCount> a< / MessageOrganisationCount> < MessageVehicleCount> x< / MessageVehicleCount> < MessageCreditLineCount> y< / MessageCreditLineCount> < MessagePlanCount> z< / MessagePlanCount> < OrganisationData> < Organization> < OrganisationId> < OrganisationType>经销商< / OrganisationType> < OrganizationReference> WHATINEED< / OrganisationReference> < / OrganisationId> < OrganisationName> XYZ。< / OrganisationName> .... 由于OrganisationReference在此出现了多次文件在开始和结束标签之间具有不同的文本，我想得到的正是在第9行中看到的：它具有OrganisationId作为父标签，而DEALER也是OrganisationId的子标签。解决方案您与原始尝试非常接近。您只需要对xpath进行一些更改，并对python进行微小的更改。 xpath的第一部分以开头。 /组织。由于您是从根目录开始执行xpath，因此它期望 Organization 是孩子。不是;它是一个后代。 尝试将 ./组织更改为 .//组织。 （ // 是 / descendant-or-self :: node（）/ 的缩写。有关详细信息，请参见此处。） 第二个问题是 OrganisationId / [@ OrganisationType ='DEALER'] 。那是无效的xpath。 / 应该从 OrganisationId 和谓词。 此外， @ 是属性的缩写语法：: 轴和 OrganisationType 是元素，而不是属性。 尝试将 OrganisationId / [@ OrganisationType ='DEALER'] 更改为 OrganisationId [OrganisationType ='经销商'] 。 python问题与 print（OrganisationReference.attrib）。 OrganisationReference 没有任何属性； 尝试将 print（OrganisationReference.attrib）更改为 print（OrganisationReference。文本）。 下面是一个示例，仅出于演示目的使用一个XML文件... XML输入（Master1.xml；添加了 doc 元素以使其格式正确） < doc> < MessageOrganisationCount> a< / MessageOrganisationCount> < MessageVehicleCount> x< / MessageVehicleCount> < MessageCreditLineCount> y< / MessageCreditLineCount> < MessagePlanCount> z< / MessagePlanCount> < OrganisationData> < Organization> < OrganisationId> < OrganisationType>经销商< / OrganisationType> < OrganizationReference> WHATINEED< / OrganisationReference> < / OrganisationId> < OrganisationName> XYZ。< / OrganisationName> < / Organisation> < / OrganisationData> < / doc> Python 将xml.etree.ElementTree导入为ET tree1 = ET.parse（'Master1.xml'） root1 = tree1.getroot（） 用于root1.findall（ .// Organisation / OrganisationId [OrganisationType ='DEALER'] / OrganisationReference）中的OrganisationReference： print（OrganisationReference.text ） 打印输出 已处理的 还要注意，似乎根本不需要使用 getroot（）。您可以直接在树上使用 findall（） ... 将xml.etree.ElementTree导入为ET tree1 = ET.parse（'Master1.xml'） for tree1.findall（ .//Organisation/OrganisationId[OrganisationType='DEALER']/OrganisationReference）：打印（OrganisationReference.text） I just started learning Python and have to write a program, that parses xml files. I have to find a certain Tag called OrganisationReference in 2 different files and return it. In fact there are multiple Tags with this name, but only one, the one I am trying to return, that has the Tag OrganisationType with the value DEALER as a parent Tag (not quite sure whether the term is right). I tried to use ElementTree for this. Here is the code: import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET tree1 = ET.parse('Master1.xml') root1 = tree1.getroot() tree2 = ET.parse('Master2.xml') root2 = tree2.getroot() for OrganisationReference in root1.findall("./Organisation/OrganisationId/[@OrganisationType='DEALER']/OrganisationReference"): print(OrganisationReference.attrib) for OrganisationReference in root2.findall("./Organisation/OrganisationId/[@OrganisationType='DEALER']/OrganisationReference"): print(OrganisationReference.attrib)But this returns nothing (also no error). Can somebody help me?My file looks like this: <MessageOrganisationCount>a</MessageOrganisationCount> <MessageVehicleCount>x</MessageVehicleCount> <MessageCreditLineCount>y</MessageCreditLineCount> <MessagePlanCount>z</MessagePlanCount> <OrganisationData> <Organisation> <OrganisationId> <OrganisationType>DEALER</OrganisationType> <OrganisationReference>WHATINEED</OrganisationReference> </OrganisationId> <OrganisationName>XYZ.</OrganisationName> ....Due to the fact that OrganisationReference appears a few more times in this file with different text between start and endtag, I want to get exactly the one, that you see in line 9: it has OrganisationId as a parent tag, and DEALER is also a child tag of OrganisationId. 解决方案 You were super close with your original attempt. You just need to make a couple of changes to your xpath and a tiny change to your python.The first part of your xpath starts with ./Organization. Since you're doing the xpath from root, it expects Organization to be a child. It's not; it's a descendant. Try changing ./Organization to .//Organization. (// is short for /descendant-or-self::node()/. See here for more info.)The second issue is with OrganisationId/[@OrganisationType='DEALER']. That's invalid xpath. The / should be removed from between OrganisationId and the predicate. Also, @ is abbreviated syntax for the attribute:: axis and OrganisationType is an element, not an attribute. Try changing OrganisationId/[@OrganisationType='DEALER'] to OrganisationId[OrganisationType='DEALER'].The python issue is with print(OrganisationReference.attrib). The OrganisationReference doesn't have any attributes; just text.Try changing print(OrganisationReference.attrib) to print(OrganisationReference.text).Here's an example using just one XML file for demo purposes...XML Input (Master1.xml; with doc element added to make it well-formed)<doc> <MessageOrganisationCount>a</MessageOrganisationCount> <MessageVehicleCount>x</MessageVehicleCount> <MessageCreditLineCount>y</MessageCreditLineCount> <MessagePlanCount>z</MessagePlanCount> <OrganisationData> <Organisation> <OrganisationId> <OrganisationType>DEALER</OrganisationType> <OrganisationReference>WHATINEED</OrganisationReference> </OrganisationId> <OrganisationName>XYZ.</OrganisationName> </Organisation> </OrganisationData></doc>Pythonimport xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree1 = ET.parse('Master1.xml')root1 = tree1.getroot()for OrganisationReference in root1.findall(".//Organisation/OrganisationId[OrganisationType='DEALER']/OrganisationReference"): print(OrganisationReference.text)Printed OutputWHATINEEDAlso note that it doesn't appear that you need to use getroot() at all. You can use findall() directly on the tree...import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree1 = ET.parse('Master1.xml')for OrganisationReference in tree1.findall(".//Organisation/OrganisationId[OrganisationType='DEALER']/OrganisationReference"): print(OrganisationReference.text) 这篇关于我如何使用ElementTree在xml文件中搜索具有特定值的特定“父”标签的标签？ （蟒蛇）的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！