Spring MVC属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品，已经融合在Spring Web Flow里面。Spring 框架提供了构建 Web 应用程序的全功能 MVC 模块。使用 Spring 可插入的 MVC 架构，从而在使用Spring进行WEB开发时，可以选择使用Spring的SpringMVC框架或集成其他MVC开发框架，如Struts1，Struts2等。
框架
通过策略接口，Spring 框架是高度可配置的，而且包含多种视图技术，例如 JavaServer Pages（JSP）技术、Velocity、Tiles、iText和POI。Spring MVC 框架并不知道使用的视图，所以不会强迫您只使用 JSP 技术。Spring MVC 分离了控制器、模型对象、过滤器以及处理程序对象的角色，这种分离让它们更容易进行定制。
优点
Lifecycle for overriding binding, validation, etc，易于同其它View框架（Tiles等）无缝集成，采用IOC便于测试。
它是一个典型的教科书式的mvc构架，而不像struts等都是变种或者不是完全基于mvc系统的框架，对于初学者或者想了解mvc的人来说我觉得 spring是最好的，它的实现就是教科书！第二它和tapestry一样是一个纯正的servlet系统，这也是它和tapestry相比 struts所具有的优势。而且框架本身有代码，看起来容易理解。
搭建环境：
一、导包
二、配置
首先编写spring的配置文件 spring-all.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.*" />
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/page/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 文件上传需要配置的类 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 文件总大小(单位是b) -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10000000"></property>
<!-- 单个文件大小 -->
<property name="maxUploadSizePerFile" value="2000000"></property>
<!-- 字符集 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>
</bean> <!-- 转换编码为utf-8的bean -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<bean
class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
编写web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-all.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 启动时加载 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet> <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
定义一个实体类
package com.model;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
public class Person {
private Integer id;
private String name;
@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyyMMdd")
private Date birthday;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", birthday=" + birthday + "]";
}
}编写具体实现的控制文件 PersonController.java
package com.controller; import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import com.model.Person; @Controller
public class PersonController { //页面跳转
@RequestMapping("test")
public String test(){ return "success";
} //传值，字符串和数字
@RequestMapping("test0/{ss}")
public String test0(@PathVariable("ss")String str){
System.out.println(str);
//System.out.println(num);
return "error";
} @RequestMapping(value="test1",method={RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET})
public String test1(@RequestParam("str")String str,@RequestParam("num")int num){
System.out.println(str);
System.out.println(num);
return "error";
}
@RequestMapping(value="test2")
public String test2(@RequestParam("str")String str,@RequestParam("num")int num){
System.out.println(str);
System.out.println(num);
return "error";
} //传日期型参数
@RequestMapping("test3")
public String test3(@RequestParam("date")@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyyMMdd")Date date){ System.out.println(date);
return "success";
} //传递实体类
@RequestMapping("test4")
public String test4(Person p){
System.out.println(p);
return "success";
} //传递数组
@RequestMapping("test5")
public String test5(@RequestParam("strs[]")String[] strs){
for(String s:strs){
System.out.println(s);
}
return "success";
} //带日期型参数的实体类
@RequestMapping("test6")
public String test6(Person p){
System.out.println(p);
return "success";
} @ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("test7")
public String test7(Person p){
System.out.println(p);
String json = "{\"success\":true}";
return json;
} //@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("test8")
public String test8(@RequestParam("file")MultipartFile file,HttpServletRequest request){ String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/files");
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
System.out.println(fileName);
fileName+=new Date().getTime();
File filenew = new File(path+"/"+fileName); try {
file.transferTo(filenew);
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "success";
} @RequestMapping("testm")
public String testm(@RequestParam("file")MultipartFile[] files,HttpServletRequest request){ String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/files");
for(int i=0;i<files.length;i++){
String fileName = files[i].getOriginalFilename();
System.out.println(fileName);
fileName+=new Date().getTime();
File filenew = new File(path+"/"+fileName);
try {
files[i].transferTo(filenew);
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
} return "success";
} @RequestMapping(value = "test9")
// public ResponseEntity<byte[]> download(String fileName, File file) throws
// IOException {
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> download(HttpServletRequest request, @RequestParam("filename") String filename)
throws IOException {
//filename = new String(filename.getBytes("UTF-8"), "iso-8859-1");// 为了解决中文名称乱码问题
String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/files");
path += "\\" + filename;
File file = new File(path);
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment",filename);
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file), headers, HttpStatus.CREATED);
}
}
定义一个jsp页面进行显示
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.2.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<a href="test.do">测试</a>
<a href="test0/haha.do">测试0</a><br>
<a href="test1.do?str=nihao&num=123">测试1</a><br>
<form action="test2.do" method="post">
<input type="text" name="str">
<input type="text" name="num">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form><br>
<a href="test3.do?date=20170419">测试2</a><br> <form action="test4.do" method="post">
<input type="text" name="id">
<input type="text" name="name">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form><br> <form action="test5.do" method="post">
<input type="text" name="strs[]">
<input type="text" name="strs[]">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form><br> <form action="test6.do" method="post">
<input type="text" name="id">
<input type="text" name="name">
<input type="text" name="birthday">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form><br> <form id="form">
<input type="text" name="id">
<input type="text" name="name">
<input type="text" name="birthday">
<input id="btn" type="button" value="提交">
</form><br> <form action="test8.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file" />
<input type="submit" value="文件上传" />
</form><br> <form action="testm.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input multiple="true" type="file" name="file" />
<input type="submit" value="文件上传" />
</form><br> <a href="test9.do?filename=jsonarray.rb">下载测试-jsonarray.rb</a><br>
<a href="test9.do?filename=content.docx">下载测试-content.docx</a><br> <script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$("#btn").click(function(){
var f = $("#form").serializeArray();
$.ajax({
url:"test7.do",
data:f,
dataType:"json",
type:"POST",
success:function(d){
console.log(d);
},
error:function(msg){
console.log(msg.responseText);
}
});
});
}); /* $(function(){
$("#btn_upload").click(function(){
var f = $("#formupload").serializeArray();
$.ajax({
url:"test8.do",
data:f,
dataType:"json",
type:"POST",
success:function(d){
console.log(d);
},
error:function(msg){
console.log(msg.responseText);
}
});
});
}); */
</script>
</body>
</html>
实现效果如下：