bash的子命令

问题描述

是否可以为bash脚本实现子命令.我有这样的想法:

Is it possible to implement sub-commands for bash scripts. I have something like this in mind:

http://docs.python.org/dev/library/argparse.html#sub-commands

推荐答案

这是一种简单的不安全技术:

Here's a simple unsafe technique:

#!/bin/bash

clean() {
  echo rm -fR .
  echo Thanks to koola, I let you off this time,
  echo but you really shouldn\'t run random code you download from the net.
}

help() {
  echo Whatever you do, don\'t use clean
}

args() {
  printf "%s" options:
  while getopts a:b:c:d:e:f:g:h:i:j:k:l:m:n:o:p:q:r:s:t:u:v:w:x:y:z: OPTION "$@"; do
    printf " -%s '%s'" $OPTION $OPTARG
  done
  shift $((OPTIND - 1))
  printf "arg: '%s'" "$@"
  echo
}

"$@"

这非常酷，但是它并不限制子命令的内容.因此，您可能希望将最后一行替换为:

That's all very cool, but it doesn't limit what a subcommand could be. So you might want to replace the last line with:

if [[ $1 =~ ^(clean|help|args)$ ]]; then
  "$@"
else
  echo "Invalid subcommand $1" >&2
  exit 1
fi

某些系统允许您在子命令前放置全局"选项.如果需要，可以在子命令执行之前放置一个 getopts 循环.在执行子命令之前，请记住先进行 shift 操作.同样，将 OPTIND 重置为1，以使子命令getopts不会混淆.

Some systems let you put "global" options before the subcommand. You can put a getopts loop before the subcommand execution if you want to. Remember to shift before you fall into the subcommand execution; also, reset OPTIND to 1 so that the subcommands getopts doesn't get confused.

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