如何检测和回声单词中的最后一个元音?

问题描述

$word = "Acrobat" (or Apple, Tea etc.)

如何用php检测并回显给定单词的最后一个元音?我尝试了preg_match函数，用了Google几个小时，但找不到合适的解决方案.

How can I detect and echo the last vowel of a given word with php? I tried preg_match function, google'd for hours but couldn't find a proper solution.

字符串中可以包含诸如ü，ö的多字节字母.

There can be multibyte letters like ü, ö in the string.

推荐答案

这是捕获字符串中最后一个元音的多字节安全版本.

Here's a multibyte safe version of catching the last vowel in a string.

$arr = array(
    'Apple','Tea','Strng','queue',
    'asartä','nő','ağır','NOËL','gør','æsc'
);

/*  these are the ones I found in character viewer
    in Mac so these vowels can be extended. don't
    forget to add both lower and upper case versions
    of new ones because personally I wouldn't rely
    on the i (case insensitive) flag in the pattern
    for multibyte characters.
*/
$vowels =
    'aàáâãāăȧäảåǎȁąạḁẚầấẫẩằắẵẳǡǟǻậặæǽǣ' .
    'AÀÁÂÃĀĂȦÄẢÅǍȀȂĄẠḀẦẤẪẨẰẮẴẲǠǞǺẬẶÆǼǢ' .
    'EÈÉÊẼĒĔĖËẺĚȄȆẸȨĘḘḚỀẾỄỂḔḖỆḜ' .
    'eèéêẽēĕėëẻěȅȇẹȩęḙḛềếễểḕḗệḝ' .
    'IÌÍÎĨĪĬİÏỈǏỊĮȈȊḬḮ' .
    'iìíîĩīĭıïỉǐịįȉȋḭḯ' .
    'OÒÓÔÕŌŎȮÖỎŐǑȌȎƠǪỌØỒỐỖỔȰȪȬṌṐṒỜỚỠỞỢǬỘǾŒ' .
    'oòóôõōŏȯöỏőǒȍȏơǫọøồốỗổȱȫȭṍṏṑṓờớỡởợǭộǿœ' .
    'UÙÚÛŨŪŬÜỦŮŰǓȔȖƯỤṲŲṶṴṸṺǛǗǕǙỪỨỮỬỰ' .
    'uùúûũūŭüủůűǔȕȗưụṳųṷṵṹṻǖǜǘǖǚừứữửự'
;

// set necessary encodings
mb_internal_encoding('UTF-8');
mb_regex_encoding('UTF-8');

// and loop
foreach ($arr as $word) {

    $vow = mb_ereg_replace('[^'.$vowels.']','',$word);
    // get rid of all consonants (non-vowels in this pattern)
    $lastVw = mb_substr($vow,-1);
    // and get the last one from the remaining vowels

    if (empty($lastVw))
    // it evaluates this line when there's no vowel in the string
        echo "there's no vowel in <b>\"$word\"</b>." . PHP_EOL;
    else
    // and vice versa
        echo "last vowel in <b>\"$word\"</b> is " .
        "<span style=\"color:#F00\">{$lastVw}</span>" . PHP_EOL;
}

这是输出.

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