笔试练习(一):

1、求2个数之和

[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# vi 1.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# cat 1.sh
#! /bin/sh
first=0
second=0
read -p "Input the first number: " first
read -p "Input the second number: " second
result=$[$first+$second]
echo "result is : $result"
exit 0
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# sh 1.sh
Input the first number: 13
Input the second number: 23
result is : 36

2、计算1-100的和

[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# vi 2.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# cat 2.sh
#!/bin/sh
i=0
sum=0
echo "你想求1-?的和: "
read max
while [ $i -le $max ]; do
    sum=$((sum+i))
    i=$((i+1))
done

echo "由1+2+3+...+$max的和是:$sum"
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# sh 2.sh
你想求1-?的和:
100
由1+2+3+...+100的和是:5050

3、将当前目录下所有的文件的扩展名改为bak

[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# vi 3.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# cat 3.sh
#! /bin/sh
for i in *.*; do
    mv $i ${i%%.*}.bak
done
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# sh 3.sh

注:

${varible##*string} 从左向右截取最后一个string后的字符串
${varible#*string}从左向右截取第一个string后的字符串
${varible%%string*}从右向左截取最后一个string后的字符串
${varible%string*}从右向左截取第一个string后的字符串
“*”只是一个通配符有时可以不要
例如:
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# j=1.2.3.4.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# echo ${j%%.*}
1
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# echo ${j##*.}
sh

4、编译当前目录下的所有.c文件:

$(basename $file .c)的含义:例如main.c的basename就是去掉.c后的main

gcc -o filename.c filename的含义:定制目标名称,缺省的时候,gcc 编译出来的文档是a.out;

shell编程练习(一): 笔试1-10-LMLPHP shell编程练习(一): 笔试1-10-LMLPHP
 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <unistd.h>
 3 #include <stdlib.h>
 4
 5 void display_usage(void)
 6 {
 7     printf("please usage\n");
 8     printf("./a.out -f -t time -n num -ddate\n");
 9 }
10
11 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
12 {
13     char *optstring = "ft:n:d::?";
14     int opt;
15     int flag = 0;
16     int num = 0;
17     int time = 0;
18     int date= 0;
19
20     while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, optstring)) != -1) {
21         switch (opt) {
22             case 'f':flag = 1; break;
23             case 'n':num = atoi(optarg);break;
24             case 't':time = atoi(optarg);break;
25             case 'd':date = atoi(optarg);break;
26             case '?':display_usage();exit(0);
27             default:display_usage();exit(0);
28         }
29     }
30
31     printf("flag = %d\tnum=%d\ttime=%d\tdate=%d\n", flag, num, time, date);
32
33     return 0;
34 }
getopt.c
shell编程练习(一): 笔试1-10-LMLPHP shell编程练习(一): 笔试1-10-LMLPHP
 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <unistd.h>
 3 #include <syslog.h>
 4
 5
 6 int main(void)
 7 {
 8     openlog("xwptest", LOG_PID, LOG_USER);
 9     syslog(LOG_INFO|LOG_LOCAL2, "xwp info log OK");
10     syslog(LOG_NOTICE|LOG_LOCAL2, "xwp notice log OK");
11     syslog(LOG_DEBUG|LOG_LOCAL2, "xwp debug log OK");
12     closelog();
13     return 0;
14 }
testlog.c
[root@VM_0_5_centos 4]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 787 May 20  2015 getopt.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 315 May 20  2015 testlog.c
[root@VM_0_5_centos 4]# vi 4.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos 4]# cat 4.sh
#! /bin/bash
for file in *.c; do echo $file ; gcc -o $(basename $file .c) $file  ; sleep 2;  done > compile 2>&1
[root@VM_0_5_centos 4]# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114 Jul 20 14:58 4.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 787 May 20  2015 getopt.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 315 May 20  2015 testlog.c
[root@VM_0_5_centos 4]# sh 4.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos 4]# ll
total 40
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  114 Jul 20 14:58 4.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   19 Jul 20 14:59 compile
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8800 Jul 20 14:58 getopt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  787 May 20  2015 getopt.c
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8624 Jul 20 14:59 testlog
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  315 May 20  2015 testlog.c

5、打印root可执行文件数,处理结果: root's bins: 2306

[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# ll -a
total 28
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root 4096 Jul 20 15:06 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 22 root root 4096 Jul 20 15:11 ..
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  173 Jul 20 13:59 1.sh
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  161 Jul 20 14:10 2.sh
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   54 Jul 20 14:24 3.sh
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Jul 20 14:59 4
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   91 Jul 20 15:06 5.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# vi 5.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# cat 5.sh
#! /bin/bash

echo "root's bins: $(find ./ -user root -type f | xargs ls -l | sed '/-..x/p' | wc -l)"
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# sh 5.sh
root's bins: 12

注:-..x表示可执行权限,-rw-r--r--分为三部分,分别为用户、组、其它。

6、打印当前sshd的端口和进程id,处理结果: sshd Port&&pid: 22 1176

[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# vi 6.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# cat 6.sh
#! /bin/bash
netstat -apn | grep sshd | sed -n 's/.*:::\([0-9]*\)\ .* \ \([0-9]*\)\/sshd/\1 \2/p'
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# sh 6.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# netstat -apn | grep sshd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1176/sshd
tcp 0 52 172.27.0.5:22 222.211.249.187:16769 ESTABLISHED 18016/sshd: root@pt
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 20254712 18016/sshd: root@pt
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 15365 1176/sshd
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# netstat -apn | grep sshd | sed -n 's/.*:\([0-9]*\)\ .* \ \([0-9]*\)\/sshd/\1 \2/p'
22 1176

7、输出本机创建20000个目录所用的时间,处理结果:

real    0m3.367s
user    0m0.066s
sys     0m1.925s

 提示:time是一个测试时间的函数,time()在()中的就是需要测试的内容。

[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# vi 7.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# cat 7.sh
#! /bin/bash
time (
for i in {1..2000} ; do
    mkdir /tmp/nnn$i
done
)

[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# sh 7.sh
real    0m1.801s
user    0m0.780s
sys    0m0.852s
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# rm -rf /tmp/nnn* 

8、打印本机的交换分区大小,处理结果: Swap:1021M

[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# vi 8.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# cat 8.sh
#! /bin/bash
free -m | sed -n '/Swap/p' | awk '{ print $2}'

[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# free -m | sed -n '/Swap/p'
Swap:             1021           0           1021
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# sh 8.sh
1021

9、文本分析,取出/etc/password中shell出现的次数:

[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# vi 9.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# cat 9.sh
#! /bin/sh
echo "第一种方法:"
cat /etc/passwd | awk -F: '{if ($7!="") print $7}' | sort | uniq -c
echo "第二种方法:"
cat /etc/passwd|awk -F: '{if ($7!="") print $7}'| sort | uniq -c | awk '{print $2,$1}'
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# sh 9.sh 第一种方法: 2 /bin/bash 1 /bin/false 1 /bin/sync 1 /sbin/halt 22 /sbin/nologin 1 /sbin/shutdown 第二种方法: /bin/bash 2 /bin/false 1 /bin/sync 1 /sbin/halt 1 /sbin/nologin 22 /sbin/shutdown 1 

10、文件整理,employee文件中记录了工号和姓名,(提示join)

employee.txt:
    100 Jason Smith
    200 John Doe
    300 Sanjay Gupta
    400 Ashok Sharma
    bonus文件中记录工号和工资
bonus.txt:
    100 $5,000
    200 $500
    300 $3,000
    400 $1,250
要求把两个文件合并并输出如下,处理结果:
    400 ashok sharma $1,250
    100 jason smith  $5,000
    200 john doe  $500
    300 sanjay gupta  $3,000

 答案:

[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# mkdir -p 10
[root@VM_0_5_centos test]# cd 10
[root@VM_0_5_centos 10]# vi employee.txt
[root@VM_0_5_centos 10]# cat employee.txt
100 Jason Smith
200 John Doe
300 Sanjay Gupta
400 Ashok Sharma
[root@VM_0_5_centos 10]# vi bonus.txt
[root@VM_0_5_centos 10]# cat bonus.txt
100 $5,000
200 $500
300 $3,000
400 $1,250
[root@VM_0_5_centos 10]# vi 10.sh
[root@VM_0_5_centos 10]# cat 10.sh
#! /bin/bash
join employee.txt bonus.txt | sort -k 2
[root@VM_0_5_centos 10]# sh 10.sh
400 Ashok Sharma  $1,250
100 Jason Smith  $5,000
200 John Doe  $500
300 Sanjay Gupta  $3,000

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04-02 14:35