问题描述
我希望能够编写一个函数来检查字典是否符合我的 TypedDict
,但是我无法正确获取泛型类型.所以结果函数应该是这样的:
I want to be able to write a function that checks if a dictionary confirms to my TypedDict
, however I can't get the generic type right. So the resulting function should be something like:
T = typing.Generic('T', bound=...) # This is `bound=...` something I want to find out
def check_typeddict(value: dict, to_type: typing.Type[T]) -> T:
# do some type checking
return typing.cast(T, value)
check_type(MyTypedDict, {'a': 5})
像使用 TypedDict
或 dict
作为 bound
值之类的事情不起作用,这根本不可能(还)还是我我错过了什么?
Things like using TypedDict
or dict
for the bound
value do not work, is this simply not possible (yet) or I'm I missing something else?
推荐答案
你不应该使用 Generic
—— 你应该使用 TypeVar
.我们使用 Generic
来声明某个类应该被视为是泛型的;我们使用 TypeVar
创建一个类型变量(然后我们可以使用它来帮助创建泛型类或函数).
You shouldn't be using Generic
-- you want TypeVar
instead. We use Generic
to declare that some class ought to be treated as being generic; we use TypeVar
to create a type variable (which we can then use to help make generic classes or functions).
您还可以在对 check_type
的调用中交换参数(也应该是 check_typeddict
).
You also have the arguments swapped in your your call to check_type
(which should also probably be check_typeddict
).
将所有这些放在一起,您的代码的功能版本如下所示:
Putting these all together, a functioning version of your code looks like this:
from typing import TypeVar, Type, cast
from mypy_extensions import TypedDict
class MyTypedDict(TypedDict):
a: int
b: int
T = TypeVar('T')
def check_typeddict(value: dict, to_type: Type[T]) -> T:
# do some type checking
return cast(T, value)
out = check_typeddict({'a': 5}, MyTypedDict)
reveal_type(out) # Mypy reports 'MyTypedDict'
在这种情况下不需要绑定.
No bound should be necessary in this case.
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