在列表中搜索商品，并在python中返回x个周围商品的数量

问题描述

我想在列表中搜索值(x)的出现，并返回该值以及索引中x上下的值(例如2).值x可能会多次出现在列表中.

I want to search a list for the occurence of a value (x) and return that value and a number, say 2, of the values above and below x in the index. Value x might appear in the list multiple time.

输入

in = ['a','b','c','d','x','e','f','g','h','i','x','j','k','l']

输出

out = ['c','d','x','e','f','h','i','x','j','k']

感谢您的帮助或建议

推荐答案

In [8]: lis = ['a','b','c','d','x','e','f','g','h','i','x','j','k','l']

#create a new list containing all the index positions of 'x'

In [9]: ind=[i for i,x in enumerate(lis) if x=='x']

In [10]: out=[]

# loop over ind list, and for every index i:
# here lis[i-2:i] are the elements left to the 'x' and similarly lis[i:i+3]
# are the ones to its right.
# which is  simply  lis[i-2:i+3] as suggested by @volatility

In [11]: for i in ind:
    out.extend(lis[i-2:i+3])

   ....:     


In [12]: out
Out[12]: ['c', 'd', 'x', 'e', 'f', 'h', 'i', 'x', 'j', 'k']

使用 itertools.chain()的单线:

In [19]: from itertools import *

In [20]: list(chain(*[lis[i-2:i+3] for i in ind]))
Out[20]: ['c', 'd', 'x', 'e', 'f', 'h', 'i', 'x', 'j', 'k']

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